Osman EKİNCİ, Murat BAYAZIT

Tilbaşar Höyük’te Ele Geçen Şerit Perdahlı Seramik Buluntuların Çoklu Analiz Teknikleri Kullanılarak Araştırılması

Mevcut çalışmada Erken Tunç Çağı’na ait şerit perdahlı seramik buluntular (Tilbaşar Höyük, Gaziantep) X-ışını difraksiyonu, taramalı elektron mikroskobu/enerji saçınımlı X-ray spektroskopisi, optik mikroskop ve termogravimetrik-diferansiyel termal analiz teknikleri ile arkeometrik olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, seramik buluntuların renkleri kromametrik analiz ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı buluntuların hammadde içeriklerinin (mineral, ilave malzemeler; eğer mevcut ise, vb.) ve üretim özelliklerinin kimyasal, mineralojik ve mikroskobik metotlarla aydınlatılmasıdır. Sonuçlar, numunelerin karbonatlı hammadde içerdiğini ve höyüğü çevreleyen alanın jeolojik özellikleri dikkate alındığında büyük olasılıkla bölgesel bir üretim ile ilişkilendirilebilecek kalkerli kil yataklarının kullanıldığını göstermektedir. Örneklerin mineral/faz içeriği ve mikro yapısal özellikleri (zayıf vitrifikasyon davranışı) göz önüne alındığında, seramiklerin pişirim sıcaklığının 700-900oC aralığında değiştiği ve bu durumun da göreceli olarak basit bir pişirme tekniğine (ör, çukurda pişirim) bağlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar şerit perdahlı seramik buluntularının hammadde hazırlama ve pişirim teknolojisi bakımından basit teknikler kullanılarak üretilmiş olabilecekleri düşüncesini ortaya koymuştur.

Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques

In the present study, representative samples of ring burnished ceramic findings belonging to the EarlyBronze Age (from Tilbaşar Mound, Gaziantep, Turkey) were archaeometrically investigated by meansof multiple analysis methods covering X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy together withenergy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, optical microscopy and thermogravimetric-differential thermalanalysis. Additionally, the colors of the potsherds were determined by chromametric analysis. The mainaim of the research was to elucidate the raw material content (minerals, additional materials, if exist,etc.) and production features of the findings by means of chemical, mineralogical and microscopictechniques, as mentioned. The results indicated that the samples comprise carbonates suggesting useof calcareous clay batches which likely refer to a regional production (when the geological features ofthe area covering the mound are considered). Taking into account the mineral/phase content and themicro structural features (poor vitrification behavior) of the samples, it was deduced that the firingtemperatures of the potsherds change in the range of 700-900oC which could be attributed to arelatively simple firing technique (e.g. pit firing). The whole data obtained in the study brought thethought that the ring burnished potteries have presumably been produced using simple techniques interms of raw material preparation and firing technology.

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