İç Savaşlar Ne Zaman Etnik Temizlik Doğurur? Lübnan ve Yugoslavya Vakaları

İç savaşlar etnik şiddetin potansiyel olarak görülebildiği süreçlerdir. Ancak, bazı iç savaşlarınsonucu olarak etnik temizlik gibi aşırı şiddet olayları görülse de bu durum heriç savaş için geçerli değildir. Öyleyse, neden bazı iç savaşlar etnik temizliği doğururkendiğerleri doğurmaz? İç savaş ve ona dahil olan aktörlerle ilgili hangi faktörler bir etniktemizlik olma olasılığını şekillendirir. Siyasal çatışma teorilerinin hangileri bu farklısonuçları daha iyi açıklar? Geçtiğimiz yüzyılın iki önemli iç savaşı, Lübnan İç Savaşı veYugoslav Savaşları, üzerinden bu makale, bu savaşların ikincisinin bir etnik temizliğeyol açarken ilkinin yol açmamış olduğunu açıklamak amacıyla, siyasal fırsatlar ve toplumsalsıkıntılar ile ilgili hipotezleri test etmektedir. Bu teorilerin karşılaştırmalı vakaanalizleri çerçevesinde sistematik testlerinden hareketle bu çalışma, rejim değişimi vesiyasal ve askeri hakimiyet gibi fırsatlarla ilintili faktörlerin iki vaka arasındaki farklılığıaçıklayabildiğini, ancak ekonomik hakimiyet ve nefret gibi toplumsal sıkıntılarlaalakalı faktörlerin sonuçları açıklayamadığını bulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İç Savaşlar, Etnik Şiddet, Siyasal Fırsatlar, Toplumsal Sıkıntılar, Yugoslavya, Lübnan

When do Civil Wars Breed Ethnic Cleansing? The Cases of Lebanon and Yugoslavia

Civil wars are episodes when ethnic violence is likely to be observed. However,

Keywords:

Civil Wars, Ethnic Violence, Political Opportunities, Grievances, Yugoslavia, Lebanon,

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