Serap YÜCEL, Sedenay Oskeroğlu KAPLAN, Zeynep GÜRAL, Ayşin KAYIŞ, Fethullah IŞIK, Fulya AĞAOĞLU

Kanserli hastalarda radyoterapi sırasında hastaya özel beslenme desteği ve hemşire takibi yapılmasının kilo kaybı üzerine etkisi

Amaç:Çalışmanın amacı baş ve boyun kanserli, toraks, üst batın ve pelvis yerleşimli tümör tanısı ile definitif veya adjuvan radyoterapi almakta olan hastaların beslenme durumlarını değerlendirmek ve tedavi sırasında yapılan beslenme desteği ile kilo takiplerini tespit etmektir. Hastalar ve Yööntem:Çalışmaya Radyasyon Onkolojisi polikliniğine 01.11.2015 tarihinden itibaren başvuran ve baş boyun, torakal, batın ve pelvik radyoterapi planlanan rastgele 40 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar tedavi öncesi değerlendirilmiş ve hastaların gündelik beslenmelerine ek olarak günlük 35 kcal/kg enerji, 2gr/kg protein ve 15 mg glutamin olarak özel beslenme destekleri sağlanmıştır. Poliklinik kontrollerinde radyasyon onkoloğu ve hemşiresi tarafından beraber değerlendirilen hastaların kilo kayıpları kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular:Hastalarda ortalama yaş 61 (39-86 yaş) idi. 5’i akciğer kanseri olan 9 hasta 70 yaş üzerindedir ve definitif radyoterapi uygulanmıştır. Mide kanseri ile adjuvan tedavi planlanan 86 yaşındaki bir hasta ve akciğer kanseri ile kemoradyoterapi alan iki hasta dışında tüm hastalar tedaviye ara vermeden radyoterapi tedavisini almışlardır. Hastaların %72’i tüm tedavi boyunca beslenme desteklerine devam etmişlerdir. Kilo kaybı değerlendirildiğinde ise sadece %8 hastada %10’dan fazla kilo kaybı görülmüştür. Beslenme desteğine göre kilo kayıp oranları beslenme desteğini tam uygulayanlarda kilo kaybının anlamlı olarak daha az olduğu görülmüştür (p:0.003). Sonuç:Erken ve yoğun beslenme desteği uygulanarak malnütrisyon riski olan kanser hastalarında radyoterapi sırasında daha az kilo kaybı görülebilir.

The effect of individual nutritional support and nurse follow-up on weight loss during radiotherapy in cancer patients

Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of patients receiving definitive or adjuvant radiotherapy with head and neck, pelvic, thorax and intraabdominal tumors and to determine their weight loss. Patients and Methods:40 patients admitted to the radiation oncology outpatient clinic since 01.11.2015 and planned head, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy were included in the study. The patients were evaluated before the treatment and in addition to the daily nutrition of the patients, special nutritional support was provided as 35 kcal/kg energy, 2gr/kg protein and 15 mg glutamine daily. The weight loss of the patients evaluated by radiation oncologist and nurse was recorded. Results:The mean age was 61 years (range, 39-86 years). 9 patients with lung cancer were over 70 years old and had definitive radiotherapy. All patients underwent radiotherapy treatment without interrupting treatment, except for a 86-year-old patient scheduled for adjuvant therapy with gastric cancer and two patients with lung cancer receiving chemoradiotherapy. 72% of the patients continued their nutritional support during the entire treatment. When weight loss was evaluated, only 8% of patients had more than 10% weight loss. According to the nutritional support, weight loss rates were found to be significantly lower in patients who fully applied nutritional support (p: 0.003). Conclusion:Early and intense nutritional support of cancer patients with risk of malnutrition may lead to less weight loss during radiotherapy.

Keywords:

radiotherapy, cancer, nutrition,

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