Hipofizit

Hipofizit, hipofiz bezinin otoimmun heterojen inflamatuar bir hastalığıdır. Primer ve sekonder olmak üzere 2 formda görülür. Lenfositik hipofizit en sık görülen hipofizit formudur ve hipofizin hormonal sekresyonlarını bozabilen, hipofiz adenomlarını taklit edebilen ve bazen hipofiz yetersizliği ile mortaliteye neden olabilen bir hastalıktır. Tedavide amaç var olan semptomların azaltılması, hipofizer kitlenin küçültülmesi ve meydana gelen hormonal eksikliklerin giderilmesidir. Medikal tedavide en sık kullanılan ilaçlar glukokortikoidlerdir ve hipofiz bezinin küçülmesini ve hipofiz fonksiyonlarının düzelmesini sağlarlar. Glukokortikoidlerin yetersiz kaldığı olgularda azotiopurin, methotrexate, cyclosporin A gibi diğer immusupresif ilaçlar kullanılabilir. Cerrahi tedavi bazı olgularda gerekli olabilir. Bu değerlendirmede, güncel literatür bilgileri ışığında hipofizitin sınıflaması, klinik önemi ve tedavi yaklaşımları tartışılmıştır

Hypophysitis

Hypophysitis is an autoimmune heterogeneous inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland. It is seen in two forms being primary and secondary. Lymphocytic hypophysitis is the most commonly observed form of hypophysitis and it is a disease capable of disrupting the hormonal secretions of the pituitary gland, imitating pituitary adenomas, and sometimes even causes mortality due to pituitary failure. The purpose of the treatment is to reduce the existing symptoms, to minimize the hypophyseal tumor and to eliminate the resultant hormonal deficiencies. The most commonly used medications in medical treatment are the glucocorticoids and they ensure minimization of the pituitary gland and improve pituitary function. In cases of glucocorticoids inadequacy, the other immunosuppressive medications, such as azathioprine, methotrexate and cyclosporine A, might be used. Surgical treatment might be necessary in some cases. In this evaluation, in the light of most up-to-date literature information, classification of hypophysitis, its clinical importance and treatment approaches are discussed

Keywords:

Hypophysitis lymphocytic hypophysitis,

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