Covid-19 Hastalarında Başvuru Anında Düşük Eozinofil Düzeyi ile Hastalık Şiddeti ve Mortalite Arasındaki İlişki

Amaç: Covid-19 tanısının erken ve hızlı tespit edilmesi mortaliteyi azaltmak için önemlidir. Eozinofil düzeyinin Covid-19 şüpheli vakalarda ilk başvuru anında düşük tespit edilmesinin hastalığın tanısını koymada ve ciddiyetini öngörebilmede kullanılabileceği belirtilmiştir. Çalışmamızda vakalarımızın eozinofil düzeyine bakarak bu parametrenin Covid-19 erken tanı ve tedavi planlanmasında kullanılabilirliğini saptamayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif olarak yapılan bu çalışmaya Covid-19 ön tanısı ile yatan vakaları aldık .Hastaların demografik özellikleri, laboratuar değerleri, radyolojik görüntüleri ve klinik takip bilgileri hastane bilgisayar sisteminden tarandı. SPSS 25 programı ile istatistik hesapları yapıldı. Bulgular: Hastalarımızın 37’si kadındır (%30,08). Yaş ortalaması 49,13 ve en çok vakayı 26-65 yaş aralığında tespit ettik. En sık semptom olarak öksürük %51,21, dispne %26,8 ve ateş %26,39 görüldü. En sık görülen komorbid hastalık hipertansiyon %21,95 ve diyabet %12,19. Vakalarımızın %50,40’ın da (n:62) bilgisayarlı tomografisin de viral pnömoni (konsolüdasyon, buzlu cam opasiteleri), %49,59’unda (n:61) Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu pozitifliği ve %39,02’sin de (n:48) ise hem bilgisayarlı tomografi’de viral pnömoni hem de PCR (+) tespit edildi. Vefat eden vakalarımızda ilk başvuruda eozinofil düzeylerinde düşüklüğü tespit ettik. Sonuç: Eozinofil düzeyi düşüklüğü Covid-19 şüpheli vakalarda tanıyı destekleyebilir ve klinik tablonun ciddi seyredebileceği ile ilgili bir uyarı olabilir.

Relationship between Low Eosinophil Level at Presentation and Disease Severity and Mortality in Covid-19 Patients

Purpose: Early and rapid diagnosis of COVID -19 is vital to reduce mortality. It has been shown that detecting low eosinophil levels at the first application in suspected cases of COVID -19 can be used to diagnose the disease and predict its severity. In the present study, we aimed to determine the usability of this parameter in the early diagnosis of COVID-19 and treatment planning by evaluating at the eosinophil levels. Methods: As a retrospective study included those who were admitted to the hospital, with the pre-diagnosis of COVID-19. Demographic characteristics, laboratory values, radiological images and clinical follow-up were scanned through the hospital system. All statistical analysis was done using the SPSS v25 software. Result: Thirty-seven women (30.08%) were included in our study. The average age was 49.13, and we found the most cases in the 26-65 age range. The most common symptoms were cough 51.21%, dyspnea 26.8% and fever 26.39%. Hypertension was detected 21.95% and diabetes 12.19% as comorbid diseases. A computed tomography scan showed viral pneumonia in 50.40% (n:62) of our cases. 49.59% (n: 61) had Polymerase chain reaction positive results and 39.02% (n: 48) of our cases had both viral pneumonia in the CT scan and PCR (+). We found that dead patients had significant lower eosinophil levels. Conclusion: Eosinophil level may support the diagnosis in suspected cases of Covid-19 and maybe a warning that the clinical picture may progress seriously.

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