Gizem ŞAHİN, Murat AMANCALI, Safiye Ayşenur SAYIN, Atakan YAKAR, Sevim BUZLU

Bir Hemşirelik Bölümündeki Öğrencilerin Ruhsal Bozukluğu Olan Bireylere Karşı Tutumları ve İlişkili Faktörler

Amaç: Bu araştırma, Hemşirelik eğitimi alan öğrencilerin ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylere karşı tutumlarının ve bu tutumlar ile ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı tipte planlandı. Çalışma Planı: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan bu araştırmanın evrenini bir vakıf üniversitesinde hemşirelik eğitimi alan 233 öğrenci, örneklem grubunu ise katılmayı kabul eden 214 öğrenci oluşturdu. Araştırmanın verileri; etik kurul ve kurum çalışma izinleri tamamlandıktan sonra, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Ruhsal Hastalıklara Yönelik Toplum Tutumları Ölçeği/RSTTÖ” kullanılarak 19 Ocak-22 Şubat 2016 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Araştırmanın amacı katılımcılara açıklandı ve yazılı onamları alındı. Bulgular: İkinci sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin “İyi Niyet” alt boyutu puan ortalamasının diğer sınıflara p=0,001 , daha önce öğretim programı bitiren öğrencilerin “Korku/Dışlama” alt boyutu puan ortalamasının bitirmeyenlere p=0,03 , daha önce Ruh Sağlığı ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliği dersi almayan öğrencilerin “İyi Niyet” alt boyutu puan ortalamasının alanlara p=0,036 ve çevresinde ruhsal bozukluğu olan herhangi bir birey olmayan öğrencilerin “İyi Niyet” alt boyutu puan ortalamasının olanlara p=0,005 , ailede psikiyatrik tedavi alan ya da muayeneye başvuran birey bulunmayan ve daha önce herhangi bir şikâyet nedeniyle psikiyatrist ya da psikoloğa başvurmayan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin “İyi Niyet” p=0.028, p

Undergraduate Nursing Students" Attitudes Towards Patients With Mental Disorders and Related Factors

Objective: This study was designed as a descriptive study to determine the attitudes of nursing students towards individuals who have mental disorders and the factors related to these attitudes. Study Design: The universe of this study consisted of 233 students who continued their nursing education at a foundation university and the sample of this study consisted of 214 students who accepted to participate in the study. The data of the study were collected using the “Personal Information Form” and “The Community Attitudes Toward the Mentally Ill CAMI ” between January, 19 and February, 22 2016, after the permissions of the ethical committee and the institution. Results: According to the results of the study; the mean score of “Benevolence” subscale of nursing students in the second class, who didn’t take a Psychiatric Nursing course and who didn’t have or didn’t encounter any individuals or patients with mental disorders around them were found statistically and significantly higher than those from other classes p=0.001; p=0.036; p=0.005 . It was determined that students who previously had completed an academic program had statistically and significantly a higher mean of “Social Restrictiveness” subscale than the others p=0.03 . The means of “Community Mental Health Ideology” subscale p=0.003 and “Benevolence” subscale p = 0.007 of students who did not see/visit a psychiatrist or a psychologist due to any psychological complaints were found statistically and significantly higher than the others. Moreover, “Community Mental Health Ideology” subscale p=0.042 and “ Benevolence” subscale p = 0.028 of students who did not have any family members who took psychiatric treatment or physical examination were found to be statistically and significantly higher than the others. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was found that theoretical and practical education were not effective enough in changing the attitudes of the students. In this direction, it is recommended to plan activities for vulnerable groups and psychosocial problems such as stigmatization, discrimination and social exclusion in the nursing education curriculum

Keywords:

attitude toward mental disorder, mental disorder, mental health and psychiatric nursing course, nursing students,

PDF

___

1. Bathje G, Pryor J. The Relationships of Public and Self-Stigma to Seeking Mental Health Services. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 2011;33:161-76. [CrossRef]

2. Boyd JE, Katz EP, Link BG, Phelan JC. The relationship of multiple aspects of stigma and personal contact with someone hospitalized for mental illness, in a nationally representative sample. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2010;45:1063-70. [CrossRef]

3. Wahl O, Aroesty-Cohen E. Attitudes of mental health professionals about mental illness: a review of the recent literature. Journal of Community Psychology. 2010;38:49-62. [CrossRef]

4. Chambers M, Guise V, Valimaki M, Botelho MA, Scott A, Staniuliene V, et al. Nurses’ attitudes to mental illness: a comparison of a sample of nurses from five European countries. Int J Nurs Stud. 2010;47:350-62. [CrossRef]

5. Hansson L, Jormfeldt H, Svedberg P, Svensson B. Mental health professionals’ attitudes towards people with mental illness: do they differ from attitudes held by people with mental illness? Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2013;59:48-54. [CrossRef]

6. Martensson G, Jacobsson JW, Engstrom M. Mental health nursing staff’s attitudes towards mental illness: an analysis of related factors. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2014;21:782-8. [CrossRef]

7. Happell B, Gough Nee Hayman-White K. Undergraduate nursing students’ attitudes towards mental health nursing: determining the influencing factors. Contemp Nurse. 2007;25:72-81. [CrossRef]

8. Hayman-White K, Happell B. Nursing students’ attitudes toward mental health nursing and consumers: psychometric properties of a self-report scale. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2005;19:184-93. [CrossRef]

9. Henderson S, Happell B, Martin T. So what is so good about clinical experience? A mental health nursing perspective. Nurse Educ Pract. 2007;7:164-72. [CrossRef]

10. Linden M, Kavanagh R. Attitudes of qualified vs. student mental health nurses towards an individual diagnosed with schizophrenia. J Adv Nurs. 2012;68:1359-68. [CrossRef]

11. Robson D, Haddad M, Gray R, Gournay K. Mental health nursing and physical health care: a cross-sectional study of nurses’ attitudes, practice, and perceived training needs for the physical health care of people with severe mental illness. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2013;22:409-17. [CrossRef]

12. Çıtak EA, Budak E, Kaya Ö, Öz Ş, Şahin S, Taran N, et al. Başkent Üniversitesi’nde Öğrenim Gören Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Ruhsal Hastalıklara Karşı İnançlarının Belirlenmesi. Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2010;17:68-73.

13. Öztürk A, Softa HK, Karaahmetoğlu GU. Kastamonu Üniversitesinde Öğrenim Gören Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Ruhsal Hastalıklara Karşı İnançları ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dersinin Etkisi. Uluslararası Hakemli Psikiyatri ve Psikoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2015:146-66. [CrossRef]

14. Bağ B, Ekinci M. Ruhsal Sorunlu Bireylere Yönelik Toplum Tutumları Ölçeğinin (RSTTÖ) Türk Toplumunda Geçerlilik ve Güvenirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2006;5:63-83.

15. Balhara YP, Mathur S. A comparative study of attitudes toward psychiatry among nursing students across successive training years. Indian J Psychol Med 2013;35:159-66. [CrossRef]

16. Yadav T, Arya K, Kataria D, Balhara YPS. Impact of psychiatric education and training on attitude of medical students towards mentally ill: A comparative analysis. Industrial Psychiatry Journal. 2012;21:22-31. [CrossRef]

17. Markstrom U, Gyllensten AL, Bejerholm U, Bjorkman T, Brunt D, Hansson L, et al. Attitudes towards mental illness among health care students at Swedish universities--a follow-up study after completed clinical placement. Nurse Educ Today. 2009;29:660-5. [CrossRef]

18. Beltran RO, Scanlan JN, Hancock N, Luckett T. The effect of first year mental health fieldwork on attitudes of occupational therapy students towards people with mental illness. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. 2007;54:42-8. [CrossRef]

19. Grav S, Marie E, Hellzén O. Undergraduate nursing student experiences of their mental health clinical placement. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research. 2010;30:4-8. [CrossRef]

20. Horsfall J, Cleary M, Hunt GE. Stigma in mental health: clients and professionals. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2010;31:450-5. [CrossRef]

21. Hunter L, Weber T, Shattell M, Harris BA. Nursing students’ attitudes about psychiatric mental health nursing. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2015;36:29-34. [CrossRef]

22. Granados-Gamez G, Lopez Rodriguez MD, Corral Granados A, Marquez-Hernandez VV. Attitudes and Beliefs of Nursing Students Toward Mental Disorder: The Significance of Direct Experience With Patients. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2017;53:135-43. [CrossRef]

23. Svensson B, Brunt D, Bejerholm U, Eklund M, Gyllensten AL, Leufstadius C, et al. Health Care Students’ Attitudes towards People with Schizophrenia- A Survey of Eight University Training Programs. Open Journal of Psychiatry. 2014;04:309-16. [CrossRef]

24. Hugo M. Mental health professionals’ attitudes towards people who have experienced a mental health disorder. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 2001;8:419-25.

25. Poreddi V, Thimmaiah R, Math SB. Attitudes toward people with mental illness among medical students. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2015;6:349-54. [CrossRef]

26. Wynaden D, Orb A, McGowan S, Downie J. Are universities preparing nurses to meet the challenges posed by the Australian mental health care system? Aust N Z J Ment Health Nurs. 2000;9:138-46.

27. Mullen A, Murray L. Clinical placements in mental health: Are clinicians doing enough for undergraduate nursing students? International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 2002;11:63-8.

28. Happell B. Influencing undergraduate nursing students’ attitudes toward mental health nursing: acknowledging the role of theory. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2009;30:39-46. [CrossRef]

29. Thongpriwan V, Leuck SE, Powell RL, Young S, Schuler SG, Hughes RG. Undergraduate nursing students’ attitudes toward mental health nursing. Nurse Educ Today. 2015;35:948-53. [CrossRef]