Havayolu Endüstrisinde Pazar Yapısı ve Rekabet: Gelişmekte Olan ve Gelişmiş Ekonomilerden Kanıtlar

Bu çalışmanın amacı havayolu pazarlarında piyasa yapısının analiz edilmesidir. Çalışmada gelişmekte olan ve gelişmiş ekonomilerde 2011-2020 dönemi için havayolu endüstrisinde pazar yapıları incelenmiştir. Ek olarak, Covid-19 salgınının havayolu piyasa yapısında meydana getirdiği bozulma da çalışmada incelenen unsurlar arasındadır. Çalışmada CR4, CR8 ve Herfindahl-Hirschman endeksi olmak üzere farklı analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre Covid-19’un yayılımının havayolu işletmelerini oldukça etkilediği ve bazı ülkelerde piyasa yapılarının değişmeye başladığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca, rekabet düzeyi ve piyasa yapısılarının ülkeler arasında farklılık gösterdiği görülmüştür. Covid-19 nedeniyle ortaya çıkan bu durum, bazı ülkelerde daha yoğun pazarları öne çıkarırken bazı ülkelerde daha rekabetçi piyasaları gündeme getirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Rekabet, Pazar Yapısı, Havayolu Endüstrisi, Oligopol, Herfindahl-Hirschmann Endeksi

Market Structure and Competition in the Airline Industry: Evidence from Emerging and Developed Economies

The purpose of the study is to analyse the market structure in airline markets. The research examined at market structures in the aviation sector for the years 2011 to 2020 in both developing and developed economies.. We analysed market concentration and market structure of many countries for the period 2011-2020. Additionally, we examined the deterioration caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in the airline market structure. In the study, we used different analyses such as CR4, CR8 and Herfindahl-Hirschman index. The study's conclusions show that the spread of Covid-19 has had a significant impact on airline firms, and market structures have started to shift in several nations.. The level of competition and the market structure differed among countries. Due to the Covid-19, while some countries experienced more intense markets, other countries experienced markets that are more competitive.

Keywords:

Competition, Market Concentration, Airline industry, Oligopoly, Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index,

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