INVESTIGATING POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS AFFECTING ON SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN TURKEY

The rate of incidence of suicide gradually increases especially in adolescence period. There are a lot of factors affecting on suicidal ideation. Social environment plays a significant role as potential risk factor along with biological disposition and psychiatric disorder. The aim of this study is to determine risk factors related with family, school and work affecting on suicidal ideation among adolescents in Turkey. In the study 6747 adolescents between the age of 12-18, who live in rural and urban area and are conducted face to face survey, were evaluated considering Research on Adolescent Profile in Turkey (TEPA 2013). Participants were selected through multistage, stratified, random sampling. (%50 female and %50 male). Pearson chi-square, odds ratio, correspondence analysis, independent samples t-test and binary logistic regression were used in the study. The relation between suicidal ideation and several factors such as cigarette and alcohol usel, drug addiction, being exposed to violence and sexual abuse, being mocked and family structure were revealed and obtained results were presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Suicidal ideation, adolescent, potential risk factors

Türkiye’deki Ergenler Arasında İntihar Düşüncesini Etkileyen Potansiyel Risk Faktörlerinin İncelenmesi

İntihar eyleminin görülme oranı özellikle ergenlik döneminde giderek artmaktadır. Ergenlerde intihar düşüncesini etkileyen pek çok faktör vardır. Biyolojik yatkınlık ve psikiyatrik bozuklukların yanı sıra sosyal çevre, potansiyel risk faktörü olarak önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de ergenler arasında intihar düşüncesini etkileyen aile, okul, iş ve arkadaş ile ilgili risk faktörlerin etkisini saptamakdır. Çalışmada Türkiye Ergen Profili Araştırması (TEPA 2013) ele alınarak kentsel ve kırsal alanlarda yaşayan ve yüz yüze anket uygulanan 12-18 yaş arası 6747 ergen değerlendirilmiştiır. Katılımcılar çok aşamalı, tabakalı, rasgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiştir (%50 kız ve %50 erkek). Çalışmada Pearson ki-kare, odds oranı, uygunluk analizi, bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve ikili lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Sigara ve alkol kullanımı, madde bağımlılığı, şiddete ve cinsel istismara maruz kalma, alay edilme ve aile yapısı gibi birçok farklı faktör ile intihar düşüncesinin ilişkisi ortaya çıkarılmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar sunulmuştur.

Keywords:

İntihar düşüncesi, ergen, potansiyel risk faktörler,

PDF

___

Arango, A., Opperman, K. J., Gipson, P. Y., King, C. A. (2016). Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among youth who report bully victimization, bully perpetration and/or low social connectedness. Journal of Adolescence, 51, 19-29.
Ballis, T. and Postolasche, T.T. (2008). Ethnic differences in adolescent suicide in the United States. International Journal of Child Health Human Development, 1(3), 281-296.
Chan, L. F., Adam, B. M., Norazlin, K. N., Haida, M. I. S., Lee, V. Y. Norazura, A. W., et al. (2016). Suicidal ideation among single, pregnant adolescents: The role of sexual and religious knowledge, attitudes and practices. Journal of Adolescence, 52, 162-169.
Christensen, R. (1997). Log-Linear Models and Logistic Regression. Second Edition, Springer- Verlag New York, Inc.
Çetin, F. Ç. (2001). Suicide attempts and self-image among Turkish adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 30(5), 641-651.
Devenish, B. Berk, L., Lewis, A.J. (2016). The treatment of suicidality in adolescents by psychosocial interventions for depression: A systematic literature review. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 50(8), 726–740.
Dunlavy, A.C., Aquah, E.O., Wilson, M.L. (2015). Suicidal ideation among school-attending adolescents in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Health Research. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/thrb.v17i1.5
Eskin, M. (2004). The effects of religious versus secular education on suicide ideation and suicidal attitudes in adolescents in Turkey. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39(7), 536-542.
Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Dereboy, Ç. and Demirkıran, F. (2007). Against adolescent suicidal behavior in Turkey. Adolescent Suicidal Behavior, 28(3),131–139.
Eskin, M. (2013). The effects of individualistic-collectivistic value orientations on non-fatal suicidal behavior and attitudes in Turkish adolescents and young adults. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 54, 493–501.
Ghrayeb, F.A.W., Rusli, A.M., Ismail, I.M., and Rifai, A. (2014). Prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt among Palestinian adolescents: Across-sectional study. World Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(3), 261-266.
Greenacre, M. (2007). Correspondence analysis in practice. Second Edition, London: Chapman & Hall.
McKinnon, B., Gariepy, G., Sentenac, M. and Elgar, F. J. (2016). Adolescent suicidal behaviours in 32 low-and middle-income countries. Bull World Health Organ, 94, 340-350.
MacLean, G. (1990). Suicide in children and adolescents. London: Hogrue and Huber Publishers: London.
Martin, J., Bureau, J. F., Yurkowski, K., Fournier, T. R., Laontaine, M. F., Cloutier, P. (2016). Family-based risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury: Considering influences of maltreatment, adverse family-life experiences, and parent-child relational risk. Journal of Adolescence, 49, 170-180.
Nock, M. K., Borges, G., Bromet, E.J., Cha, C.B., Kessler, R.C., and Lee, S. (2008a). Suicide and suicidal behavior. Epidemiol Rev., 30(1), 133-154.
Nock, M. K., Borges, G., Bromet, E.J., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M., Beautrais, A., et al. (2008b). Cross-national prevalence and risk factor for suicidal ideation, plans and attempts. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 192, 98-105.
Peaslee, E. (2011). Adolescent suicide in Japan: The fatal effects of Ijime. Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences. Carnegie Mellon University. Dietrich College Honors Thesis.
Peltzer, K. and Pengpid, S. (2012). Suicidal ideation and associated factors among school going adolescents in Thailand. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 9, 462-473.
Roman, B. (2017). Development and evaluation of a clinical practice guieline to guide primary care providers on identification of adolescent suicidality. The University of Arizona, https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/626685.
Rudatsikira, E., Muula, E.S., Siziya, S., and Twa, J.T. (2007). Suicidal ideation and associated factors among school-going adolescents in rural Uganda. BMC Psychiatry, 7, 67.
Sam, C. T. (1993). Suicide among children and adolescents in Hong-Kong. Journal of Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists, 3, 19-27.
Skinner, R. and McFaull, S. (2012). Suicide among children and adolescents in Canada: Trends and sex differences, 1980-2008. Canadian Medical Assocoation, 184(9), 1029-1034.
Souza, L.D.M., Silva, R.A., Jansen, K., Kuhn, R.P., Horta, B.L., and Pinheiro, R.T. (2009). Suicidal ideation in adolescents aged 11 to 15 years: Prevalence and associated factors. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 32(1), 37-41.
Soylu, N. and Alpaslan, A. H. (2013). Suicidal behavior and associated factors in sexually abused adolescent. Children and Youth Services Review, 35(2), 253-257.
Stoep, A. V., McCauley, E., Flynn, C. and Stone, A. (2009). Thoughts of death and suicide in early adolescence. Suicide Life Threat Behaviour, 39(6), 599.
Tarchi, C. and Collici, E. (2013).Youth suicide in Germany: A review of the literature. World Cultural Psychiatry Research Review, 21-28.
T.C Ministry of Family and Social Policies General Directorate of Family and Social Services. (2013).http://ailetoplum.aile.gov.tr/data/54292ce0369dc32358ee2a46/t%C3%BCrkiye%20ergen%20profili%20ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1%202013-eng.pdf.
Thomson, E.F., Hamelin, G.P., and Granger, S.J.R. (2013). Suicidal ideation in a population-based sample of adolescents: Implications for family medicine practice. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/282378.
Toprak, S., Cetin, I., Guven, T., Can, G., Demircan, C. (2011). Self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among college students. Psychiatry Research, 187,140–144.
Ulusoy, M.D. and Demir, N.Ö. (2005). Suicidal ideation in Turkish adolescents. Social Behavior and Personality, 33(6), 541-552.
Ünlü, G., Aksoy, Z., Ersan, E.E. (2014). İntihar girişiminde bulunan çocuk ve ergenlerin değerlendirilmesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi, 7(3):176-183.
Wasserman, D., Cheng, Q. and Jiang, G. X. (2005). Global suicide rates among young people aged 15-19. World Psychiatry, 4(2), 114-120.