Sürdürülebılır Tarım Açısından Sıfır Toprak İşleme

Geleneksel toprak işleme sistemlerinde, toprağı, suyu ve enerjiyi korumaya yönelik olarak hiç bir çalışma yapılmamaktadır. Ayrıca toprağın işlenmesi uzun zaman almakta, yüksek oranda işçilik, yakıt ve makine gibi girdileri gerektirmektedir. Sıfır toprak işleme teknikleri, erozyonla mücadele etmek ve toprak nemini muhafaza etmek için Amerika’da 1930’lu yıllardan başlayarak geliştirilmiştir. Dünyada 100 milyon hektar alanda farklı iklim ve toprak koşullarında kullanılmakta olan bu teknik, Ülkemizde henüz araştırma ve küçük uygulamalar düzeyinde olup, yaygınlaşmamıştır. Sıfır toprak işlemenin temel prensipleri, toprağın bozulmaması işlenmemesi , sürekli bitkisel toprak örtüsü malç ve ekim nöbetidir. Ayrıca bu sistemle işçilik, yakıt ve zamandan tasarruf sağlanmaktadır. Ekonomik ve sürdürülebilir bir tarım için sıfır toprak işleme teknikleri ile ilgili araştırma ve uygulama çalışmalarının artırılması gereklidir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

sürdürülebilir tarım, toprak işleme yöntemleri, sürdürülebilir toprak işleme, geleneksel toprak işleme, sıfır toprak işleme

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