Comparing the Suitability of Two Methods (Surface and Drip) of Irrigation Based on a Parametric Evaluation System

Bu çalışmanın ana hedefi, yüzey ve basınçlı damla sulama yöntemlerinin parametrik değerlendirme sistemine göre kıyaslamasıdır. Bu çalışma, Huzistan ilinin Behbehan ilçesinde ve Remikan bölgesinde 3000 hektarlık bir alanda yapılmıştır. Arazi özellikleri (eğim, drenaj, tekstür ve topoğrafya) ve toprağın fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri (kireç, tuzluluk, alkalilik, kalsiyum ve karbonat) parametrik değerlendirmenin esasları olarak alınmış ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi'nin (CBS) kullanımı ile analizden sonra arazi değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre incelenen arazinin yüzde 10'luk kısmı yüzey sulamaya uygun, arazinin %22.4'lük kısmı damla sulamaya uygun olduğu ve arazinin geri kalanının her iki sulama yönteminin kullanımı için uygun olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlara göre damla sulama, yüzey sulamaya nazaran arazi için uygun yüzey alanını arttırmasına neden olmasına rağmen, her bölgede sulama yönteminin temel sınırlayıcı faktörleri olarak, toprağın dokusu, tuzluluk ve alkalilik, drenaj, kalsiyum karbonat, topografi ve arazi eğimine dikkat etmek, sulama yönteminin seçiminde önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma; sınırlayıcı faktörlerin kambinasiyonu ve optimum sistem seçiminin yönetiminde, CBS'nin faydalı bir araç olduğunu göstermiştir.

Parametrik Değerlendirme Sistemine Göre Yüzey ve Damla Sulama Yöntemlerinin Ölçümsel Kıyaslaması

The main purpose of this study was to compare two methods of surface and drip irrigations based on parametric evaluation system. This study was performed on a surface area of 3000 ha in Rimakan region in Behbahan city located in Khuzestan province of Iran. Properties of lands (slope, drainage, soil texture, and topography) and physical and chemical properties of soil (lime, salinity, alkalinity, calcium, and carbonate) were the basis for the parametric evaluation. Lands evaluation was performed after analysis using geographical information system (GIS). Results showed that 10% of the studied lands were appropriate for surface irrigation and 22.45% of the lands were appropriate for drip irrigation and the rest of the lands were inappropriate for both irrigation methods. Drip irrigation method in comparison with the surface irrigation can increase production capacity of lands, but it must be noticed that the main limiting parameters in determining irrigation method in one region are soil texture, salinity, alkalinity, drainage, calcium carbonate, topography, and ground slope. This study also showed that GIS is a beneficial tool for the evaluation of lands suitability for different irrigation methods.

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