"İşletmelerde girişimcilik özelliğini etkileyen faktörler: İç girişimcilik

Degisim, günümüzde yaşamı belirleyen temel kuraldır. Gerek iç gerekse dıs çevreyle sürekli etkilesim içerisinde olan isletmeler, bu degisimden etkilenmeden hayatlarını sürdürmelerine imkan bulamamaktadırlar. Bu nedenle girisimci bir örgüt, çevrenin kendilerine sundugu degisim parametrelerini tanımak ve onlarla uyum içerisinde yasamak zorundadır. Bu düsüncelerle yapılan arastırmanın iki amacı bulunmaktadır. Birincisi; var olan bir örgüt içerisinde yapılan girisimcilik faaliyetlerine ve çevresel özellikler ile örgütsel performansın bu faaliyetlerle olan iliskisine ısık tutabilmek, ikincisi ise; ele alınan iki sehirde farklı sektörlerde faaliyette bulunan isletmeler açısından ele alınan degiskenler arasında bir farklılıgın bulunma durumunu tespit edebilmektir. Bu amaç dogrultusunda; İzmir ve Manisa’da üç farklı sektörde faaliyet gösteren altı isletmede bir anket çalısması yapılmıstır. Arastırma sonuçlarına göre; örgütün girisim yönelimlerini olusturan faktörlerden “yenilik boyutu”nun; örgütlerin girisimcilige verdigi önemi etkileyen örgütsel degiskenlerden “örgütsel ve yönetsel destek boyutu”nun; dıs çevresel özelliklerin iç girisimcilige verilen önemini vurgulayan çevresel algı düzeyinde “çevresel dinamizm boyutu”nun diger boyutlara göre iç girisimcilik üzerinde daha etkili oldugu tespit edilmistir. Ayrıca, iki sehirde faaliyet gösteren otomotiv ve gıda sektöründe faaliyette bulunan isletmelerin “yenilik boyutu”nda, kimya sektöründe ise “yenilenme boyutu”nda farklılıklar bulunmustur.

"Factors effecting entrepreneurship qualities in companies: Interpreneurship"

Change is a main rule determining the life nowadays. The organizations which are in interaction with both internal and external environment can not find any opportunity to resume their lives without interaction with this change. For that reason an entrepreneurial organization must recognize change parameters which the environment supplies to them and must live in a harmony with them. The research is focused on two goals. Firstly it is aimed to enlighten the entrepreneurship activities within the organizations and their relationship with environmental characteristics and organizational performance. Our second goal is to find out the discrepancies between different firms from different sectors and two different cities. To achieve these goals, a survey is applied in six firms from different sectors which take place in Izmir and Manisa. The research results showed that the novelty dimension which is one of the entrepreneurship tendency factor is more effective than organizational variables effecting the importance of entrepreneurship. Also it is found out that the organizational and managerial support dimension is more effective than environmental perception level which stresses the importance given to internal entrepreneurship by external environmental characteristics. The environmental dynamism dimension is found out to be more effective on internal entrepreneurship compared to other dimensions. The difference between firms which are in automotive and food sectors are found about the novelty dimension. Finally firms which are in automotive and food sectors are found to be differ in novelty dimension; and firms in chemistry sector are found to be differ in renewal dimension.

PDF

___

Agca Veysel, Kurt Mustafa (2007); “İç Girisimcilik ve Temel Belirleyicileri: Kavramsal Bir Çerçeve”, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakülte Dergisi, Sayı 29: 83-112.
Agca Veysel, Yörük Durmus (2006); “Bagımsız Girisimcilik ve İç Girisimcilik Arasındaki Farklar: Kavramsal Bir Çerçeve”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, C:8, Sayı:2: 155- 173.
Antoncic Bostjan, Scarlet Chan. (2005); “Corporate Entrepreneurship and Organizational Performance: A Comparison Between Slovenia and Romania”, Proceeding of the 6th. International Conference of The Faculty of Management Koper Congress Centre Bernardin, Slovenia, November: 71,24-26.
Antoncic Bostjan., Zorn Otmar (2004); “The Mediating Role of Corporate Entrepreneurship in the Organizational Support- Performance Relationship: An Emperical Examination”, Managing Global Transitions, 2(1): 5-14.
Antoncic Bostjan., Hisrich Robert D. (2001); “Intrapreneurship: Construct Refinement and Cross- Cultural Validation”, Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5):495-527.
Antoncic Bostjan. (2000); “Intrapreneurship: Construct Refinement and An Integrative Model Development”, Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosopy, Department of Marketing and Policy Studies Weatherhead School of Management, School of Graduate Studies, Case Western Reserve University.
Arıkan Semra. (2004); Girisimcilik, 2. Baskı, Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
Basar Mehmet, Tosunoglu Tugberk (2006); “Deger Yaratımında İç Girisimciligin Degisen Boyutu: Bilgi Girisimcilerinin Rolü”, Girisimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, Haziran.
Burgerman Robert A. (1985); “Managing the New Venture Division, Research Findings and Implications for Strategic Management”, Strategic Management Journal, 6(1):39-54.
Burgelman Robert A. (1983); “A Process Model of Internal Corporate Venturing in the Diversified Major Firm”, Administrative Science Quartely, 28(2):223-244.
Casson Mark (2005); “Entrepreneurship and the Theory of the Firm”, Journal of Economics Behaviour &Organization, Vol.58:327-348.
Christensen Karina S. (2004); “A Classification of the Corporate Entrepreneurship Umberalla: Label and Perspectives”, Int.J. Management Enterprise Development, Vol 1,No 4:301.
Culhane J.Hamilton (2003); “The Entrepreneurial Orientation- Performance Linkage in High Technology Firms: An International Comparative Study”, Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosopy, Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Coulter Mary (2001); Entrepreneurship in Action, Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey.
Covin Jeffrey.G., Slevin Dennis.P. (1989); “Strategic Management of Small Firm in Hostile and Bening Environments”, Strategic Management Journal, 10(1):75-87.
Guth William D., Ginsberg Ari (1990); “Guest Editors’ Introduction: Corporate Entrepreneurship”, Strategic Management Journal, 11(5):5-15.
Gürol, Ali M. (2000); Türkiye’de Kadın Girisimcileri ve Küçük İsletmesi: Fırsatlar, Sorunlar, Beklentiler ve Öneriler , Ankara: Atılım Üniversitesi Yayını-2.
Hisrich Robert D., Peters Michael P. (2002); Entrepreneurship, Fifth Edition, New York: McGraw- Hill/Irwin.
Jansen Paul G.W., Van Wees Lucas L.G.M. (1994); “ Conditions for Internal Entrepreneurship”, The Journal of Management Development, 13,9: 34.
Jones Gareth R., Butler John E. (1992); “Managing Internal Corporate Entrepreneurship: An Agency Theory Perspective”, Journal of Management, 18,4:733.
Kirby David A. (2003), Entrepreneurship, Berkshire: McGraw-Hill Publication.
Knight Gary. (1997); “Cross-Cultural Reliability and Validity a Scale to Measure Firm Entrepreneurial Orientation”, Journal of Business Venturing, 12(3):213-225.
Kuratko Donald F.; Hodgetts Richard M. (1998); Entrepreneurship, Orlando: The Dreyden Pres.
Lumpkin G.Tom, Dess Gregory G. (1996); “Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking it to Performance”, Academy of Management Review, 21(1):135-172.
Miller Dany, Friesen Peter H. (1983); “Strategy-Making and Environment: The Third Link”, Strategic Management Journal, 4(3):221-235.
Morris Michael., Kuratko Donald F. (2002); Corporate Entrepreneurship;Orlando: Harcount,Inc.
Morris Michael, Kuratko Donald F. (2002a); Corporate Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Development within Organizations, Orlando-Florida: Harcourt College Publishers.
Muzyka Daniel. , Koning Alice. D. , Churchill Neil. (1995); “On Organization and Adaptation: Building The Entrepreneurial Corporation”, Europan Management Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4: 346-361.
Naktiyok Atılhan. , Bayrak Kök Sabahat (2006); “Çevresel Faktörlerin İç Girisimcilik Üzerine Etkileri”, A. K. Ü. İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, C: 8, S: 2: 77-96.
Naktiyok Atılhan. (2004); İç Girisimcilik, 1. Baskı, İstanbul: Beta.
Pinchot, Gifford III (1985); Intrapreneuring, New York: Harper and Row.
Ruherford Matthew W., Holt Daniel T. (2007); “Corporate Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Look at the Innovativeness Dimension and Its Antecedents”, Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol 20,No 3:429-446.
Sharma Pramodita., Chrisman James J. (1999); “Toward A Reconciliation of the Definitional Issues in the Filed of Corporate Entrepreneurship”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23(3):11-27.
Stopford John M., Baden-Fuller Charles WF. (1994); “Creating Corporate Entrepreneurship”, Strategic Management Journal, 11(7):17-27.
Thornberry Neal. (2001); “Corporate Entrepreneurship: Antidote or Oxymoron?”, European Management Journal, 19(5):526-533.
Thomas Coulson C. (1999); “Individuals and Enterprise: Developing Entrepreneurs for the New Millenium”, Industrial and Commercial Training, Vol 31, Number 37: 258.
Thomas Coulson C (2000); “Devoloping and Supporting Information Entrepreneurs”, Industrial and Commercial Training, Vol 32, Number 6:196-200.
Top Seyfi (2006); Girisimcilik Kesif Süreci, 1. Basım, İstanbul: Beta Yayınevi.
Wiklund Johan, Shepherd Dean (2005); “Entrepreneurial Orientation and Small Business Performance: A Configurational Approach”, Journal of Business Venturing, 20(19:71-91.
Zahra Shaker A., Garvis Dennis M. (2000); “International Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance: The Moderating Effect of International Environment Hostility”, Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5-6):469-492.
Zahra Shaker A., Covin Jeffrey.G. (1995); “Contextual Influences on the Corporate Entrepreneurship Performance Relationship: A Longitudinal Analysis”, Journal of Business Venturing, 10(1):43-58.
Zahra Shaker A. (1995); “Corporate Entrepreneurship and Financial Performance: The Case of Management Leveraged Buyouts”, Journal of Business Venturing, 10(3):225-247.
Zahra Shaker A. (1993); “Environment, Corporate Entrepreneurship, and Financial Performance: A Taxonomic Approach”, Journal of Business Venturing, 8(4): 319-340.
Zahra Shaker A. (1991); “Predictors and Financial Outcomes of Corporate Entrepreneurship: An Exploratory Study”, Journal of Business Venturing, 6(4):259-285