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ULUSAL PARLAMENTOLAR, İNSAN HAKLARI VE AVRUPA KONSEYİ SİSTEMİ

Ulusal parlamentoların insan hakları hukukunun korunmasında ve gerçekleştirilmesinde önemli bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Bu parlamentolar ortak insan hakları yükümlülüklerinin yerine getirilmesi için uluslararası insan hakları standartlarının teşvik edilmesi konusunda güçlü bir konumdadırlar. Ulusal meclisler, yürütmeyi sorumlu tutabildikleri konularla ve yaptıkları yasalarla insan haklarını çeşitli şekillerde yorumlayabilmekte ve uygulayabilmektedirler. Ek olarak, ulusal parlamentoların temsil işlevinin insan haklarına yönelik görüşleri şekillendirmeye yardım etme bakımından da önemli bir işlevi vardır. Tüm bu nedenlerden ötürü, ulusal parlamentolar yurtiçi insan hakları sistemlerinde önemli kurumsal unsurlar olarak görülmelidirler. Fakat ulusal meclisler kendi sistemlerinde, uygulama konusundaki ihtiyaçları değerlendirme konusunda iyi bir konuma sahip olmalarına ragmen, pratikte ulusal sistemler genellikle kendi meclislerinin yeterli ve etkin katılımından yoksun kalmaktadırlar. Diğer taraftan, uluslararası insan hakları mekanizmaları, ulusal parlamentoların insan haklarını gerçekleştirme ve muhafaza etme konusundaki rollerini tarihsel olarak ihmal etmişlerdir. Bununla beraber, yakın zamanlarda bu konuda ulusal meclislerin önemine yönelik küresel bir anlayış ve yönelim bulunmaktadır. Özellikle Avrupa Konseyi sisteminde, ulusal meclislerin rolü ciddi mülahazaların konusu olmaya başlamıştır. Ulusal parlamentoları sürece katma ve yasama organını daha etkin kılma konusunda çeşitli zorlukların ve fakat birçok fırsatın bulunduğu açıktır.

NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS, HUMAN RIGHTS AND COUNCIL OF EUROPE SYSTEM

National parliaments have an important role in the protection and realisationof human rights law. They are in a strong position to promote international human rights standards to implement their shared human rights obligations. Theymay interpret and apply human rights when holding the executive to account andin the laws, they make. In addition, national parliaments’ representative functionhas an important role in helping to shape views towards human rights. Therefore,they should be seen as a key institutional element of domestic human rights systems. However, they are well placed to evaluate the needs for implementation intheir systems; national systems usually lack sufficient and effective engagementof their parliaments in practice. On the other hand, international human rightsmechanisms have historically neglected national parliaments’ role in realisationand safeguarding of human rights. Nevertheless, there is a global trend and understanding on the importance of national parliaments in the subject in recent years. Especially in the Council of Europe system, their role has started to becomethe subject of serious consideration. It is clear that there are various challengesbut also opportunities to involve national parliaments in the process and makelegislation organ more effective
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YASAMA DERGİSİ-Cover
  • ISSN: 1306-6250
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2006
  • Yayıncı: YASAMA DERNEĞİ
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ULUSAL PARLAMENTOLAR, İNSAN HAKLARI VE AVRUPA KONSEYİ SİSTEMİ

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