One of the most important problems in the use of solid wood in the furniture industry is the surface roughness of the furniture elements depending on the cutting conditions. The required processes and efforts to obtain a smooth surface are too much, and besides the loss of time and raw materials in the production line, there are great costs in the creation of the machine park. In this study, the surface roughness of the materials obtained from some wood species processed with CNC laser and circular saw machine was investigated. Poplar (Populu scanadensis, scotch pine (Pinus sylvestres) and fir (Abies cilicica) samples were used as raw material in the study. Cutting processes were applied parallel and perpendicular to the fibers of the samples. In the cutting power of the CNC laser machine was kept constant as 130 watts and two different speeds were used at 10 mm/s and 20 mm/s. The rotation speed of the circular saw machine was adjusted as 4300 rpm without loading and the roughness rates of the traditional circular saw and CNC laser cut surfaces were compared. As a result, it has been determined that the laser cutting speed is directly proportional to the surface roughness. In addition, compared to traditional cutting, rougher surfaces were obtained in parallel cutting to fibers with CNC laser and smoother surfaces were obtained in perpendicular cutting to fibers. Consequently, it was concluded that it is more appropriate to use perpendicular cutting to fiber with CNC laser in the furniture industry.