Erzurum Bölgesinde Süt Sığırı İşletmelerinden Alınan Kaba, Konsantre, Karma Yem ve Süt Örneklerinde Aflatoksin Düzeyleri

Erzurum bölgesinde bulunan süt sığırı işletmelerinden kaba, konsantre ve karma yemde aflatoksin ve bu yemlerle beslenen hayvanların sütünde Aflatoksin M1 (AFLM1) varlığı dört farklı dönemde tespit edildi. Süt örneklerinde tespit edilen ortalama aflatoksin düzeyi 0.03 ppb’dir. İşletmelerden alınan süt örneklerindeki aflatoksin düzeyleri kış ve ilkbaharla (0.04 ppb) mukayese edildiğinde sonbahar ve yazın (0.02 ppb) düşük bulundu. Yem örneklerindeki total aflatoksin düzeyleri kış ve sonbahar ile mukayese edildiğinde ilkbahar ve yazın daha yüksek bulundu. Bundan başka, kaba, konsantre ve karma yemlerdeki Aflatoksin B1 (AFLB1) düzeyleri sonbahar ve kış ile mukayese edildiğinde ilkbahar ve yazın önemli derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0.01). Bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar karma yemde aflatoksin B1 e maruz kalan süt sığırlarının sütüne % 1.219±0.4139 oranında geçtiği tespit edildi. Tespit edilen mikotoksin düzeylerinin Türk Gıda Kodeksi tarafından belirtilen sınırların altında olduğu tespit edildi

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kaba, Karma, Konsantre yem, Mikotoksin, Süt

Aflatoxin Levels in Roughage, Concentrates, Compound Feed and Milk Samples from Dairy Farms in Erzurum Province

Aflatoxin in roughage, concentrates and compound feed from dairy farms located in Erzurum province, and the presence of Aflatoxin M1 (AFLM1) in the milk of animals fed with these feeds were determined in four different seasons. The mean level of Aflatoxin M1 detected in milk samples was 0.03 ppb. Aflatoxin M1 levels in the milk samples taken from the holdings were lower in autumn and summer (0.02 ppb) compared to winter and spring (0.04 ppb). The total aflatoxin levels in feed samples were higher in spring and summer, compared to autumn and winter. Furthermore, Aflatoxin B1 (AFLB1) levels in roughage, concentrate and compound feed were significantly higher in spring and summer, compared to autumn and winter (P<0.01). The results obtained in this study demonstrated that Aflatoxin B1 received with compound feed by cattle led to a carry-over of Aflatoxin M1 into milk at a level of 1.219±0.4139%. The mycotoxin levels detected were below the maximum residue limits laid down in the Turkish Food Codex.

Keywords:

Compound feed, Concentrate, Milk, Mycotoxin, Roughage,

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