STANDARDİZASYONUN EKONOMİK ve SOSYO-EKONOMİK GETİRİLERİ
Standardizasyon mevcut ve olası problemler dikkate alınarak, belirli bir konuda ortak ve tekrar eden kullanımlar için en uygun düzeyde bir düzen gerçekleştirilmesi amacıyla gerekli hükümlerin oluşturulması faaliyetidir. Standartlar, sağlık, güvenlik, çevre temel gereklerini gözetmek suretiyle sanayi, tüketiciler, kamu otoriteleri ve ilgili tüm tarafların işbirliği ile hazırlanan dokümanlardır. Standardizasyon, işletmelere ekonomik ve sosyo-ekonomik birçok getiri sunmaktadır. Standardizasyonun, ticari faaliyetlerin artması, pazar payının artırılması, maliyet ve zaman tasarrufu ve öngörülebilirlik gibi ekonomik getirileri yanında; istihdamın artırılması, ulusal ve uluslararası uyumun sağlanması, bilgi akışı, inovasyonun artırılması, stratejik ortaklıklar kurulması gibi sosyo-ekonomik getirileri de bulunmaktadır. Standardizasyon, KOBİ’lere de üretim koşullarını standartlara yansıtmak ve pazar koşullarını iyileştirmek gibi birçok avantaj sunmaktadır. Çalışmada; standardizasyon faaliyetleri ve bu faaliyetlerin genel çerçevesi tanımlanmakta ve standardizasyonun ekonomik ve sosyo-ekonomik getirileri incelenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Standart, Standardizasyon, Standart Hazırlama, Ekonomik Getiri, Sosyo-Ekonomik Getiri
ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF STANDARDIZATION
Standardization is the act of identifying rules and requirements in a specific subject to set a system due to the current and potential problems. Standards are the documents prepared with a consensus of all related parties like industry, consumers, public authorities considering health, safety and environmental issues. Standards have lots of economic and socio-economic benefits for the users. Besides economic benefits of standardization such as expanding volume of business, increasing market share, time and cost saving and forecasting; increasing, employment compatibility, flow of information, innovation and establishment of partnerships are defined as socio-economic benefits of standardization. Standardization provides a lot of advantages for small and medium size enterprises (SME’s) such as developing standards according to their production methods and supporting their market conditions. In this article, standardization and it’s general framework are defined and economic and socio-economic benefits of standardization are evaluated.
Keywords:
Standard, Standardization, Standards Preparation, Economic Benefit, Socio-Economic Benefit,
___
- • CARGILL, Carl F., (1989), Information Technology Standardization: Theory, Process, and Organizations, Bedford.
- • CEN-CENELEC, (2012), European Standards Boosting the Single Market for Services, January 2012, http://www.cencenelec.eu/news/publications/Publications/Services_2012.pdf , (05.09.2012).
- • CEN-CENELEC-ETSI, (2010), Standards Supports Innovation and Growth, Avrupa Standart Kuruluşları Kitapçığı, Brüksel.
- • CID, Elena SANTIAGO, (2012), Setting the scene-European Standards Organisations Perspective and Policy, JWG EaS Konferans Sunumu, Brüksel.
- • DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.), (2000), Economic Benefits of Standardization. http://www.din.de/sixcms_upload/media/2896/economic_benefits_standardization.pdf, (05.09.2012).
- • GOURTSOYANNIS, Loucas, (2006), “The Position of SMEs in International Standardization”, ISO Focus, Volume 3, No. 9.
- • IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), (2012a), Introduction to Standards, June 2012, http://www.euras.org/lectures-inventory , (07.09.2012).
- • IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), (2012b), Economic Value of Standards, June 2012, http://www.euras.org/lectures-inventory , (07.09.2012).
- • IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), (2012c), The Strategic Value of International Standards, June 2012, http://www.euras.org/lectures-inventory, (07.09.2012).
- • IEEE (The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), (2012), Benefits of standardization and standards, www.thinkstandards.net/benefits.html, (05.09.2012).
- • ISO Focus, (2006), “Standards : Big Benefits for Small Business”, Volume 3, No. 9. http://www.iso.org/iso/news.htm?refid=Ref1026, (05.09.2012).
- • KAYIKÇI, İsmail, (2010), Sorularla Dış Ticarette Standardizasyon Mevzuatı ve Uygulamaları, İstanbul Ticaret Odası Dış Ticaret Şubesi Uygulama Servisi.
- • KOSGEB, (2011), KOBİ Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2011-2013), Ankara. http://www.sanayi.gov.tr/Files/Documents/KOSGEB_Katalog.pdf, (09.09.2012).
- • OECD, (1999), Report on Regulatory Reform and International Standardization, 1999. http://www.oecd.org/trade/benefitsoftradeliberalisation/1955309.pdf, (09.09.2012).
- • STAIR, (2011) An Integrated Approach for Standardization, Innovation and Research, CEN-CENELEC, http://www.cencenelec.eu/news/publications/Publications/STAIR.pdf, (05.09.2012).
- • TOORN, Sander van der, (2012), Student Perspective on Education/Training About Standardisation in Europe, JWG EaS Konferans Sunumu, Brüksel.
- • TSE, (2012), “Türkiye'nin Bugünkü Manada İlk Standardı (Kanunname-i İhtisab-ı Bursa)”, http://www.tse.org.tr/tse-hakkinda/ilk-standard, (07.09.2012).
- • TSE, (2011), “Ulusal, Bölgesel ve Uluslararası Standardizasyon Faaliyetleri”, Eğitim Notları, Ankara.
- • VANSELOW, Michael, (2012), The Importance of Education and Training on Standardization for Industry, JWG EaS Konferans Sunumu, Brüksel.
- • VRIES, Henk J. de, (2006), Standards for Business-How Companies Benefit from Participation in International Standards Setting, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Switzerland.
- ISSN: 1013-1388
- Başlangıç: 2004
- Yayıncı: T.C. SANAYİ VE TEKNOLOJİ BAKANLIĞI STRATEJİK ARAŞTIRMALAR VE VERİMLİLİK GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ