Oruc YUNUSOĞLU, Mehmet BERKÖZ, Yavuz YARDIM

Çoklu Antibiyotik Direnci Gösteren Bakterilere Karşı Geliştirilen Yeni Antibiyotikler; Dalbavansin, Telavansin ve Oritavansin

Antibiyotiklerin rasyonel kullanılmaması hem gelişmekte olan ülkelerde hem de gelişmiş olan ülkelerde çok ciddi tıbbi ve ekonomik problemler oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde antibiyotiklerin rasyonel kullanılmamasının en önemli sorunlarından biri kullanılan çoğu antibiyotiklere karşı bakterilerin direnç geliştirmesidir. Bakterilerin direnç geliştirmesi yeni antibiyotiklerin geliştirilmesini mecbur kılmaktadır. Günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılan glikopeptid yapıda olan, vankomisin ve teikoplanin uzun yıllardır kullanılmaktadır. Fakat son zamanlar bu antibiyotiklere karşı direnç geliştiği tespit edilmiştir. Bundan dolayı benzer endikasyonlarda kullanılabilecek glikopeptidlerin üst sınıfı olan lipoglikopeptidler geliştirilmiştir. Dalbavansin, telavansin ve oritavansin Amerikan Gıda ve İlaç Kurumu’ndan (FDA) yeni onayı almış lipoglikopeptid yapıta antibiyotiklerdir. Bu yeni antibiyotikler, vankomisin ve teikoplanine direnç gelişmiş bakteriyel enfeksiyonların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu yazıda antibiyotik direncinden, vankomisine ve teikoplanine direnç geliştirmiş bakterilerden ve FDA tarafından onay almış lipoglikopeptid yapılı yeni antibiyotikler ile ilgili güncel bilgi sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Dalbavansin, telavansin, oritavansin, direnç, lipoglikopeptidler

Dalbavancin, Telavancin and Oritavancin: Novel Antibiotics Developed Against Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria

The irrational use of antibiotics poses serious medical and economic problems in both developing and developed countries. One of the most serious problems of irrational use of antibiotics is the development of bacterial resistance against most antibiotics in the clinical use which leads to requirement of the search for novel antibiotics. Vancomycin and teicoplanin, which are commonly used glycopeptides, have been used for many years. However, bacterial resistance to these antibiotics has recently been developed. Therefore, lipoglycopeptides, which are classified as superclass of glycopeptides, have been developed for utilizing in similar indications. Dalbavancin, telavancin and oritavancin belong to the class of lipoglycopeptide antibiotics that have recently been approved by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These novel antibiotics are used in the treatment of the bacterial infections ressistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin. In this article, an information regarding the development of bacterial resistance against vancomycin and teicoplanin as well as FDA approved lipoglycopeptide antibiotics was provided.

Keywords:

Dalbavancin, telavancin, oritavancin, resistance, lipoglycopeptides,

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