Avrupa Birliği'nin Yeşil Anlaşmasına Doğru: AB-27 Üye Ülkelerinde Refahın Sağlanmasında Sürdürülebilir Rekabet Edebilirliğin ve Eko-Yeniliğin Önemi

Günümüzde Avrupa Birliği'nin Yeşil Anlaşması, sürdürülebilir rekabet gücü ve eko- inovasyon, yeni ekonomi teorisinde önemli konular haline geldi. Bu makalenin temel amacı, çeşitli metodolojik ölçüm araçları uygulayarak, AB-27 Üye Devletlerinde refahın sağlanmasında sürdürülebilir rekabet edebilirliğin ve eko-yeniliğin önemini incelemektir. Bu araştırma, AB-27 Üye Devletlerinde, küresel sürdürülebilir rekabet gücü, küresel-dijital-rekabetçi KOBİ'lerin performansı, AB yeniliği ve eko-inovasyon göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkileri keşfederek sürdürülebilir rekabet edebilirliğe yeni yaklaşımı ve AB inovasyonunun farklı boyutlarını aydınlatarak katkıda bulunur. Araştırma sonuçları, politika yapıcılara değerli bilgiler sağlayabilir. Temel göstergeler arasındaki sıralama konumlarındaki çeşitlilik ve economik önceliklerin tanınması, AB-27 Üye Devletlerinin AB'nin Yeşil Anlaşmasını uygulamaya yönelik ekonomik eylemlerin ve politikaların yaklaşan kabulünün temelidir.

Towards European Union's Green Deal: The Importance of Sustainable Competitiveness and Eco-Innovation for Achieving Prosperity in EU-27 Member States

Nowadays, European Union's Green Deal, sustainable competitiveness and eco-innovation have transformed into the very popular words in the new theory of economics. The basic purpose of this article is to examine the significance of sustainable competitiveness and eco-innovation in achieving prosperity in EU-27 Member States by applying various methodological measurement instruments. This research contributes by enlightening the new approach of sustainable competitiveness and different dimensions of EU innovation, by exploring the relationships among indicators of the global sustainable competitiveness, the global- digital -competitive SMEs performance, EU innovation and eco-innovation for achieving prosperity in EU-27 countries. Research results are able to assure valuable information to policymakers, while the variety in ranking position among essential indicators and declaration of liabilities are the foundation for the up-coming acceptance of economic actions and policies for progress of EU-27 Member States towards EU's Green Deal.

PDF

___

Atkinson, R., and Ezell, S. (2012). Innovation Economic: The Race for Global Advantage. New Haven, Conn.; London: Yale University Press.
Ambec, S., Cohen, M., Elgie, S., and Lanoie, P. (2013). The Porter Hypothesis at 20: Can Environmental Regulation Enhance Innovation and Competitiveness?. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 7(1), 2-22.,
Ben Arfi, W., Hikkerova, L. and Sahut, J.M. (2018). External Knowledge Sources, Green Innovation and Performance. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 129 (C), 210-220.
Bowen, A. and Frankhauser, S. (2012). The Green Growth Narrative: Paradigm Shift or Just Spin?. Global Environmental Change, 21, 1157-1159.
Bossle, M.B, de Barcellos, M.D, Vieira, L.M. and Sauvée, L. (2016). The Drivers for Adoption of Eco-Innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 113(1), 861-872.
Carrillo-Hermosilla, J., del Río González, P., and Könnölä, T. (2009). Eco- Innovation: When Sustainability and Competitiveness Shake Hands, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke. JRC56837.
Chesbrough, H. (2006). Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology, Harvard, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Corrigan,G., Crotti, R., Drzeniek Hanouz, M., and Serin, C. (2014). Assessing Progress toward Sustainable Competitiveness, in the Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015. Geneva, Switzerland: The World Economic Forum (WEF).
Dasgupta P., and Heal G. (1979). Economic Theory and Exhaustible Resources. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Edquist, C. (2014b). Striving Towards a Holistic Innovation Policy in European Countries - But Linearity Still Prevails! STI Policy Review, 5(2), 1-19.
Eco-Innovation Observatory. (2021). Available online: https://www.eco- innovation.eu/eco-innovation-index (Access: 15.2.2022).
European Innovation Scoreboard (2021). Summary Innovation Index; European Commission. Available online: https://ec.europa. eu/info/research-and-innovation/statistics/performance-indicators/european- innovation-scoreboard_en (Access: 15.2.2022).
European Commission (2015). Indicators for Promoting and Monitoring Responsible Research and Innovation. DG for Research and Innovation. ISBN 978-92-79-43169-2.
European Commission (2019). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: The European Green
Deal, COM (2019) 640 final, Brussels. https://eur- lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:b828d165-1c22-11ea-8c1f- 01aa75ed71a1.0002.02/DOC_1&format=PDF (Access: 15.2.2022).
European Commission (2018). In Depth Analysis in Support of the Commission Communication COM (2018) 773, A Clean Planet for All - A European Long-Term Strategic Vision for a Prosperous, Modern, Competitive and Climate Neutral Economy, Brussels. https://climatecooperation.cn/wp- content/uploads/2019/06/com_2018_733_analysis_in_support_en_0.ppd (Access: 15.2.2022).
European Commission (2021). Eco-Innovation at the Heart of European Policies. The Eco-Innovation Scoreboard and Eco-Innovation Index. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecoap/indicators/index_en(Access: 15.2.2022). Eurostat database (2021). http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database (Access: 1.2.2022).
Godin, B., Gaglio, G., and Vinck, D. (Eds.) (2021). Handbook on Alternative Theories of Innovation, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Jackson, T. (2009). Prosperity Without Growth: Economics for a Finite Planet, London, UK: Earthscan.
Fankhauser, S., Bowen, A., Calel, R., Dechezleprêtre, A., Grover, D., Rydge, J., and Sato, M. (2013). Who Will Win The Green Race? In Search of Environmental Competitiveness and Innovation. Global Environmental Change, 23, 902–913.
Fleurbaey, M., and Blanchet, D. (2013). Beyond GDP. Measuring Welfare and Assessing Sustainability. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fritz, M. and Koch, M., (2016). Economic Development and Prosperity Patterns around the World: Structural Challenges for a Global Steady-State Economy. Global Environmental Change, 38, 41–48.
Grossman, G.M., and Helpman, E. (2015). Globalization and Growth, American Economic Review, 105(5), 100-104.
Hermundsdottir, F., and Aspelund, A. (2021). Sustainability Innovations and Firm Competitiveness: A Review, Journal of Cleaner Production, 280(1), 124715.
Hojnik, J., and Ruzzier, M. (2016). The Driving Forces of Process Eco- Innovation and Its Impact on Performance: Insights from Slovenia. Journal of Cleaner Production, 133(1), 812-825.
Henriques, A. (2007). CSR, Sustainability and The Triple Bottom Line. In Henriques, A., & Richardon, J. (Eds). The Triple Bottom Line: Does it All Add Up?. London: Earthscan, 26-33.
Horbach, J. (2016). Empirical Determinants of Eco-Innovation in European Countries Using the Community Innovation Survey. Environmental Innovation and Sociental Transition, 19, 1–14.
Legatum Institute (2020). The Legatum Prosperity Index 2020. A Tool for Transformation. https://li.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/The-2020-Legatum- Prosperity-Index.pdf (Access: 16.2.2022).
Legatum Institute (2021). The Legatum Prosperity Index 2021. A Tool for Transformation. https://li.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/The-2021-Legatum- Prosperity-Index-Web.pdf (Access: 16.2.2022).
Lewandowska, M.S., Golebiowski, T. and Roszkiewicz, M. (2022). Eco- Innovation, International Competitiveness and Economic Performance of European Union Enterprises: Triangle Approach, European Research Studies Journal, 25(1), 635-645.
Lisbon Council (2021). https://lisboncouncil.net/newsandevents/green-digital- and-competitive/ (Access: 16.2.2022).
Lisbon Council (2020). Green, Digital and Competitive Index, Lisbon Council, Think-Thank for the 21st Century. https://gdc.lisboncouncil.net/ (Access: 10.2.2022).
Lundvall, B.-Å. (2002). Innovation, Growth and Social Cohesion: The Danish Model, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Nordhaus, W. (2021). The Spirit of Green: The Economics of Collisions and Contagions in a Crowded World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
OECD (2008). Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/sdd/42495745.pdf (Access: 10.2.2022).
OECD (2018). A Results Agenda for the 2030 Agenda: New Approaches for Changing Contexts – Key Messages from the Workshop, Paris: OECD. http://www.oecd.org/dac/results-development/docs/results-key-messages- workshop-apr-2018.pdf (Access: 10.2.2022).
Peretto, P.F. (2015). From Smith to Schumpeter: A Theory of Take-off and Convergence to Sustained Growth. European Economic Review, 78, 1-26.
Porter, M. E. (2008). On Competition. Updated and Expanded Edition, Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing.
Romer, P. M. (1990). Endogenous Technological Change. Journal of Political Economics, 98, S71–S102. https://web.stanford.edu/~klenow/Romer_1990.pdf
Stiglitz, J. (1974b). Growth with Exhaustible Natural Resources: The Competitive Economy. Review of Economic Studies, 41(5), 139-152.
Stiglitz, J., Sen, A. and Fitoussi, J.-P. (2009). Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/8131721/8131772/Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi- Commission-report.pdf (Access: 10.2.2022).
Sustainable Intelligence - SolAbility (2021). The Sustainable Competitiveness Report 2021, 10th Edition, Zurich, Switzerland; Seou, South Korea: SolAbility. https://solability.com/download/the-global-sustainable-competitiveness-index- 2021/ (Access: 10.2.2022).
Terzić, L. (2017). The Role of Innovation in Fostering Competitiveness and Economic Growth: Evidence from Developing Economies, Journal of Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe, 20(4), 65-81.
Terzić, L. (2021). Revealing the Effects of Competitiveness and Innovation on Economic Growth: Evidence from European Leading and Following Countries, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Economics, Vol. XXIX, No. 4(629), 19-30.
WCED (1987). Our Common Future. The World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
United Nations (2022). Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ (Access: 10.2.2022).