Karma Yem Teknolojisindeki Gelişmelerin Karma Yem Kalitesine ve Yem Değerine Etkileri

Karma yeme ait ilk örnekler 19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru ortaya çıkmıştır. Karma yem üretiminde asıl gelişme ise 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında olmuştur. Bu gelişmedeki en önemli payın farklı bilim dallarında ortaya çıkan gelişmeler ve bunların ortaya çıkarmış olduğu ortak etkiye ait olduğu söylenebilir. Karma yem fabrikalarında karmaya girecek ham maddelerin fabrikaya alımından ambalajlanmasına kadar geçen süreçte birçok farklı işlem uygulanmaktadır. Söz konusu işlemlerin her birinde önemli teknolojik gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Fakat karma yemin üretilmesindeki en önemli işlemler olan öğütme, karıştırma ve yeme form (toz, pelet veya granül form) verilmesindeki teknolojik gelişmeler hayvan besleme açısından en olumlu etkiyi yaratan gelişmelerdir. Teknolojik gelişmeler ile birlikte karma yemlerin yem değerleri de önemli bir gelişim göstermiştir. Bu derlemede karma yem üretiminde yaşanan teknolojik gelişmelerin hayvan besleme açısından bir değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.

The Effects of Developments in Compound Feed Technologies on Compound Feed Quality and Compound Feed Value

The first examples of compound feed have emerged towards the end of the 19th century. Compound feed production has shown its real development in the second half of the 20th century. It can be said that the most important share in this development belongs to the developments that occur in different branches of science and to the common influence. Many different processes are applied until the raw materials are taken to the factory and compound feeds are packed in the factories. Significant technological developments have been experienced in each of these processes. But technological developments in grinding, mixing and shaping the compound feed (powder, pellet or granular form), which are the most important processes in the production of compound feed, are generating the most positive impact in terms of animal nutrition. Along with technological developments, feed values of compound feeds also showed a significant improvement. In this review, an evaluation of the technological developments in compound feed production has been made in terms of animal nutrition.

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