OPTIMAL DESIGN OF AUTOMOTIVE SUSPENSION SPRINGS USING DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM

The automotive industry has been growing steadily and paying attention to develop technologies and production processes in the world. Automotive companies are facing great competition due to the increasing number of companies and the rapid increase in customer expectations as a result of developing technological products. In order to compete, automotive manufacturers need to meet the expectations of customers and governments, such as vehicle weight, collision safety, fuel emissions and vehicle comfort. In order to ensure that competition is sustainable, companies should design lighter and more efficient parts that require less processing costs with more precise operations. Recently, concerns about fuel consumption and air pollution have been reported. Meta-heuristic optimization methods have been widely used for optimization of vehicle component over the past three decades. In this paper, differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used for optimization of the coil spring design, which is one of the suspension spring types. Using the DE algorithm, the mass of the coil spring decreased by about 29.3 %. The results show that the DE algorithm provides better solutions as previous methods in the literature.

Diferansiyel Gelişim Algoritması ile Taşıt Süspansiyon Yaylarının Optimum Tasarımı

Otomotiv endüstrisi son otuz yıldır istikrarlı bir şekilde büyümekte ve sürekli olarak dünyada teknoloji ve üretim süreçlerini geliştirmek için çalışmalarını devam ettirmektedir. Otomotiv şirketleri, artan sayıda firma ve gelişen teknolojik ürünler sonucunda müşteri beklentilerindeki hızlı artış nedeniyle büyük bir rekabetle karşı karşıyadır. Rekabet edebilmek için otomotiv üreticilerinin, araç ağırlığı, çarpışma güvenliği, yakıt emisyonları ve araç konforu gibi müşterilerin ve hükümetlerin beklentilerini karşılaması gerekiyor. Rekabetin sürdürülebilir olmasını sağlamak için, şirketler daha hassas operasyonlarla daha az işleme maliyeti gerektiren daha hafif ve daha verimli parçalar tasarlamalıdır. Son zamanlarda, yakıt tüketimi ve hava kirliliği ile ilgili endişeler bildirilmiştir. Meta-sezgisel optimizasyon yöntemleri, son yirmi yıl içinde araç bileşeninin optimizasyonu için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Meta-sezgisel optimizasyon yaklaşımlarından biri olan diferansiyel delişim (DE) algoritması araç süspansiyon sistemlerinde kullanılan yay tasarımının optimizasyonunda kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan yayın kütlesi % 29.3 oranında azaltılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler DE algoritmasının literatürde yer alan diğer evrimsel optimizasyon yöntemlerinden, genetik algoritma, yapay arı kolonisi algoritması ve parçacık sürüsü algoritmasından daha iyi çözümler sunduğunu göstermektedir.

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