LASTİK TOZU KAYNAKLI KİRLİLİĞİN TOPRAK AZOT PROSESLERİNE ETKİSİ: ARITMA ÇAMURU İLE BİYOSTİMÜLASYON ÇALIŞMASI

Son yıllarda, artan trafik yükü ile birlikte lastik tozu, toprak ortamındaki kirlenmeye önemli ölçüde katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu inkübasyon çalışması, sürtünme sonucu toz haline gelerek yol kenarlarındaki topraklara karışan araç lastik tozlarının, toprak verimliliğinde önemli bir indikatör olan azot dönüşüm süreçlerine etkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Farklı lastik tozu seviyelerinin (%1,%5 ve %10) toprak azot proseslerine etkisini belirlemek için 100 g toprak örneği ve ıslah amacıyla kirletilen topraklara 100 ton ha-1 (40 g kg-1) dozunda uygulanan atık su arıtma çamurlu örnekler 15, 30 ve 45 gün boyunca inkübe edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, lastik tozunun neden olduğu antropojenik stresin belirlenmesinde topraktaki azot proseslerinin biyoindikatör olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. İnkübasyonun sonunda arginin amonifikasyon oranı, nitrifikasyon potansiyeli, amonyum azotu, nitrat azotu seviyeleri yüksek orandaki (%10) lastik tozu ile kirlenmesi sonucunda %48, %40, %47 ve %33 oranında azalmıştır. Organik azotun mineralizasyonu değerlendirildiğinde, temiz toprağın organik azot mineralizasyon değeri inkübasyon sonunda %90 olarak hesaplanırken, %10 lastik tozu ile kirlenen toprakta ise %22 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu durum lastik tozu kirliliğinin, toprakların azot mineralizasyonunu önemli ölçüde azalttığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmayla, lastik tozu kirliliğinin bitkilerin azot kullanım verimini sınırlayabileceği ve böylece toprak ekosistemlerinin verimliliğini azaltacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

azot mineralizasyonu, biyostimülasyon, lastik tozu, nitrifikasyon, toprak

An Experimental Study on the Effect of Vehicle Tire Dust on the Nitrogen Processes of Agricultural Soil: Biostimulation with Wastewater Sludge

With the increasing number of vehicles in the last few decades, tire dust has became the source of a significant contribution of pollutants into the soil. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the effects of vehicle tires which are pulverized by the effect of friction and reached to the roadside soils, on nitrogen processes by a laboratory incubation study. To determine the effect of different tire dust levels (1%, 5%, and 10% mg kg-1 dry soil) and 100 ton ha-1 dose of wastewater sludge on soil nitrogen processes, 100 g soil portions were put into plastic pots, and soil moisture was brought to 70% of its field capacity with distilled water. Samples were then incubated under controlled conditions in the dark at 28 °C for 15, 30 and 45 days. The results indicated that nitrogen processes in the soil could be used as bioindicators of anthropogenic stress caused by tire dust. It was found that arginine ammonification rate, nitrification potential, ammonium, and nitrate nitrogen levels decreased by 48%, 40%, 47% and 33% in the presence of tire dust (10% mg kg1 dry soil). In addition, tire dust application at dose of 10% showed an inhibition effect on organic N mineralization values in soil (clean soil: 90%, contaminated soil: 22%). This shows that tire dust pollution significantly reduces nitrogen mineralization of soils. The study was concluded that tire dust pollution might limit the nitrogen use-efficiency of plants, thus further decreasing the fertility of soil ecosystems.

Keywords:

biostimulation, nitrification, nitrogen mineralization, soil, tire dust,

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