GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİ PROSES ATIKLARININ KOMPOSTLANMASINDA FARKLI KATKI MADDELERİ VE AŞI KULLANIMI

Bu çalışmada; gıda endüstrisi proses atıklarının geri kazanımı ve bertarafı için farklı katkı maddeleri kullanılarak kompostlanabilirliği ve aşı olarak kullanılan arıtma çamurlarının kompostlamaya etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Proses atıklarına düzenleyici ve hacim arttırıcı katkı maddesi olarak ayçiçeği sapı ve mısır koçanı karıştırılmıştır. Gıda endüstrisi proses atıklarının kompostlanabilirliğini araştırmak amacıyla dört farklı kompost karışımı hazırlanmıştır. Birinci karışıma (M1) 3:2 oranında proses atığı ve ayçiçeği sapı, ikinci karışıma (M2) 3:1:2 oranında proses atığı, arıtma çamuru ve ayçiçeği sapı, üçüncü karışıma (M3) 3:1:2 oranında proses atığı, arıtma çamuru ve mısır koçanı, dördüncü karışıma (M4) ise 3:1:3 oranında proses atığı, arıtma çamuru ve mısır koçanı karıştırılmıştır. M1 karışımı, aşı ilave edilmeden kontrol karışımı olarak hazırlanmıştır. 28 günlük kompost denemeleri boyunca sıcaklık, kuru madde içeriği, organik madde kayıpları, C/N oranı, pH ve elektriksel iletkenlik parametreleri izlenmiştir. Proseste oluşan en yüksek OM kaybı ve en yüksek sıcaklık M3 reaktöründe gözlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre proses atığının kompostlanmasında arıtma çamurunun aşı ve mısır koçanının ise katkı maddesi olarak 3:1:2 oranında kullanılmasıyla verimli bir kompostlama süreci gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Arıtma çamuru, Aşı, Gıda endüstrisi proses atığı, Katkı maddesi, Kompostlama

Use of Different Bulking Agents and Inoculation Agent in Composting of Food Industry Process Wastes

The aim of this study was to investigate the compostability of food industry process wastes with different bulking agents for disposal and recovery, and to determine the effect of treatment sludge which was used as inoculation agent. Sunflower stalk and corn cob were mixed to process wastes as bulking agents. Four different compost mixtures were prepared to investigate composting of process wastes. Process wastes and sunflower stalk to first mixture (M1) at ratio of 3:2; process wastes, treatment sludge and sunflower stalk to second mixture (M2) at ratio of 3:1:2; process wastes, treatment sludge and corn cob to third mixture (M3) at ratio of 3:1:2; process wastes, treatment sludge and corn cob to fourth mixture (M4) at ratio of 3:1:3 were added. M1 mixture was prepared without inoculation agent as control mixture. Temperature, dry matter content, organic matter loss, C/N ratio, pH and electrical conductivity parameters were monitored during the composting process for 28 days. The highest organic matter losses and the highest temperature formed in the process were monitored in M3 reactor. According to the results, for the efficiently composting process; process wastes with treatment sludge as inoculation agent and corn cob as bulking agent at ratio of 3:1:2 were determined.

Keywords:

Treatment sludge, Inoculation Agent, Food industry process waste, Bulking agent, Composting,

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