AFET SONRASI YARDIM MALZEMESİ DAĞITIMI İÇİN ROTA ÜRETME-ELEME ALGORİTMASI VE TAMSAYILI PROGRAMLAMA KULLANIMI

Bu çalışmada, afet sonrası yardım malzemesi taşıma problemi, literatürde yer alan kapasite kısıtlı araç rotalama problemi olarak kurgulanmış ve çözümü için iki-aşamalı çözüm yaklaşımı geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen yaklaşımın ilk aşamasında, rota üretme-eleme algoritması ile araç kapasite kısıtını sağlayan uygun rotaların üretilerek, bu kısıtı sağlayamayan rotalar ise elenmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise, algoritma ile üretilen uygun rotalar, önerilen tamsayılı programlama modelinin girdisi olarak kullanılmış olup, bu model ile yardım malzemelerinin hangi rotalar üzerinden ve hangi araçlarla taşınacağını gösteren bir taşıma planı oluşturulmuştur. Kapasite kısıtlı araç rotalama probleminin NP-zor yapısı sebebiyle oluşan uzun çözüm sürelerine karşın, geliştirilen rota üretme-eleme algoritması ile daha kısa sürede çözüm elde edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Rota üretme-eleme algoritmasında, araç kapasite kısıtı dikkate alındığından dolayı, tamsayılı programlama modelinde bu kısıt ortadan kaldırılmış, bu sayede problemin karmaşıklığında önemli oranda azalma sağlanmıştır. Bu durum, geliştirilen algoritmanın çözüm süresine olumlu etkisini ortaya koymaktadır. Geliştirilen yaklaşım bir deprem örnek olayı üzerinde ve örnek bir bölge için test edilmiş ve sonuçları analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Araç rotalama problemi, insani yardım lojistiği, tamsayılı programlama

Use of Route Generation-Elimination Algorithm and Integer Programming for Post-Disaster Relief Supplies Distribution

In this study, the problem of post disaster relief supplies transportation is modeled as a capacity-constrained vehicle routing problem. A two-phase solution approach is proposed to solve the problem. In the first phase of the proposed approach, a route generation-elimination algorithm is used to generate feasible routes that satisfy the capacity constraints. In the second phase, the feasible routes generated by the algorithm are used as the input of the proposed integer programming model to determine the transportation plan showing the routes through which the relief supplies are transported. Despite the long solution times due to the NP-hard structure of the capacity-constrained vehicle routing problem, it is aimed at obtaining a solution in a shorter time period with the generated route generation-elimination algorithm. Since the vehicle capacity constraints are taken into consideration in the route generation-elimination algorithm, the corresponding capacity constraint in the integer programming model is removed which significantly reduces the complexity of the problem. This situation represents the positive effect of the developed algorithm on the solution time. The proposed approach is tested on an earthquake case study for a sample region and the results are analyzed.

Keywords:

Vehicle routing problem humanitarian relief logistics, integer programming, transportation plan,

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