Veysel BAY, Erkan TOPAL, Neslihan ÇAKICI, İsmail YILDIZDAL, Aycan TOSUNOGLU

Bazı Bal Arısı Polenlerinin Palinolojik Analizleri, Kimyasal Ve Mineral Madde İçerikleri

Arı ürünleri sağlık açısından olağanüstü özellikleri nedeniyle son yıllarda gıda, gıda takviyesi ve destekleyici ürünler olarak ilgi görmektedir. Dünyada baldan sonra tüketimi hızla artan arı poleni, çiçeklerin erkek üreme birimi olarak zengin bir besin maddesi yanında, bal arısının ağız salgıları içermesiyle ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada farklı bölgelerdeki arılıklardan toplanan arı polenlerinin olarak palinolojik tanımlaması yapılmıştır. Polen içeriğinin belirlenmesine yönelik yapılan analizlerde kuru madde %71,47-81,38 aralığında, protein %17,5-26,0 aralığında, yağ %5,84-10,95 ve kül miktarı ise %2,02-2,44 arasında bulunmuştur. Mineral madde kompozisyonuna bakıldığında en çok bulunanlar; kalsiyum, potasyum, magnezyum, silisyum, sodyum ve demir elementidir. Çevre kirliliğinin artmasının bir sonucu olan ve sağlık üzerine olumsuz etkileri bulunan ağır metallerden arsenik, kadmiyum ve kurşun arı poleni örneklerinde tespit edilmiştir. Polen üretiminde özellikle ticari olarak satışı yapılan polenlerin tanımlanması, besinsel kalitesinin belirlenmesi ve standardizasyonu üretici ve tüketici açısından oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Arı poleni, palinolojik analiz, protein, mineral madde

PALYNOLOGICAL ANALYSES, CHEMICAL and MINERAL COMPOSITION OF SOME HONEYBEE POLLEN PELLETS

Bee products have gained popularity in recent years as food, dietary supplements and adjuvant products due to their extraordinary health properties. Globally, bee pollen is the second most consumed product after honey, has a special importance as a male reproductive unit of flowers, as well as a rich nutrient material, as it contains the oral secretions of the honeybee. In this study, palynological identification of bee pollen collected from apiaries from different regions was made. The bee pollen content was found to be consisting of dry matter between 71.47-81.38%, protein between 17.5-26.0%, fat 5.84-10.95%, and ash content 2.02-2.44%. Moreover, the most common mineral elements in pollen were calcium, potassium, magnesium, silicium, sodium and iron. Besides, heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium and lead have been detected in bee pollen samples that is a result of the increased environmental pollution and have negative effects on health. Therefore, in bee pollen production, identification, determination of nutritional quality and standardization of pollen are very important for producers and consumers.

Keywords:

Bee pollen, palynological analysis, protein and mineral content,

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