Bilgi Koruma Davranışı Klan ve Piyasalarda Farklılık Gösterir mi? Bilgi Alanı Modeli Çerçevesinde Önermeler

Bu çalışmada Bilgi Temelli Örgüt Yaklaşımları’ndan (BTY) yola çıkılarak örgütlerde bilgi koruma davranışının örgütlerin işlemlerini nasıl etkilediği yönünde bir araştırma yapılması amaçlanmaktadır. BTY genel olarak, örgüt bilgisinin yaratıldığı, bütünleştirildiği ve yayıldığı örgüt içi süreçler ile örgütlerin bilgisini ve dışarıdan edindiği bilgiyi birleştirip uygulamaya geçirebilmeleri ile ilgilidir. Ancak hem örgütün kendi içindeki hem de örgütler arası iş birliklerindeki bilgi akışı yönetiminde yaygın bir ikilem bulunmaktadır. Bunlar: Bilgi paylaşma ihtiyacı ve paylaşılması istenilmeyen bilginin kullanımının korunması ihtiyacıdır. Bilgi Temelli bir yaklaşım olan Boisot’ un “Bilgi Alanı Modeli’nde, toplumlarda yürütülen ekonomik işlemler, bilginin yapılandırılması ve yayılmasına bağlı olarak farklılaşmakta, kurumsal alanların ve işlem yapılarının da bu çerçeve içinde geliştiği gözlemlenmektedir. Bu bakış açısıyla, örgütlerde bilginin korunmasının, örgüt işlemlerinin yürütülme biçimine olan etkilerinin farklı işlem yapılarında nasıl olabileceği sorusu araştırılabilir. Bu çerçevede, klan ve piyasa yapılarında bilginin korunmasının örgüt işlemlerine etkisinin nasıl ve hangi yönde farklılaşabileceği konusu geliştirilen önermelerle tartışılmıştır.

Is Knowledge Protection Behaviour Different in Clans and Markets? Propositions within the Framework of “The Information Space Model”

The aim of this study is to examine how knowledge protection behaviour of organizations affects its organizational processes within the framework of the Knowledge-Based View (KBV) of the organizations. KBV studies are generally related to the processes in which organizational knowledge is created, integrated and disseminated, and organizations' ability to combine their knowledge and external knowledge and put them into practice. However, both within the organization and in inter-organizational collaborations, there is a common dilemma in the management of knowledge transfers: These are: The need to share the knowledge and the need to protect the use of knowledge that is not intended to be shared. In Boisot's "Information Space Model", which is also an KBV, it is observed that the economic transactions carried out in societies differ depending on the structuring and flows of knowledge, and it is observed that institutional areas and transactional structures develop within this framework. From this point of view, the effects of the protection of knowledge on the execution of organizational operations in different transactional structures can be investigated. In this framework, the issue of how and in which direction the effect of the protection of knowledge in clan and market transactional structures on organizational operations can differ is discussed with the propositions.

___

  • Ahmad, A. Bosua, R., Scheepers, R. (2014). “Protecting Organizational Competitive Advantage: A knowledge Leakage Perspective”. Computers &Security, Sayı.42, ss. 27-39.
  • Alavi, M., Leidner, D.E. (2001). “Review: Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues”, MIS Quarterly, Sayı.25, No.1, ss. 107-136.
  • Aras, M. 2018. “İşletmelerde Bilgi Koruma Stratejileri”. Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, Sayı. 8, No. 3, ss. 613-621.
  • Ashmos, D.P. ve Duchon, D., McDaniel Jr., R.R. (2000). “Organizational Responses to Complexity: The Effect on Organizational Performance”, Journal of Organizational Change Management, Sayı.13, No.6, ss. 577-594.
  • Boisot, M. (1982). “The Codification and Diffusion of Knowledge in the Transactional Strategy of Firms”, Keio Economic Studies, Sayı.19, No. 1, ss. 57-77.
  • Boisot, M. (1983). “Convergence Revisited: The Codification and Diffusion of Knowledge in a British and Japanese firm”, Journal of Management Studies, Sayı.1, ss.159-190.
  • Boisot, M. 1986. “Markets and Hierarchies in a Cultural Perspective”, Organization Studies, Sayı.7, No.2, ss.135-158.
  • Boisot, M., Child, J. (1988). “The Iron Law of Fiefs: Bureaucratic Failure and the Problem of Governance in the Chinese Economic Reforms”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Sayı.33, ss. 507-527.
  • Boisot, M. (1995a). Institutions. Information Space: A Framework for Learning in Organizations, Institutions and Culture, Routledge, London;New York.
  • Boisot, M.(1995b). “Is Your Firm a Creative Destroyer? Competitive Learning and Knowledge Flows in the Technological Strategies of Firms”, Research Policy, Sayı.24, ss. 489-506.
  • Boisot, M., Child, J. (1996). “From Fiefs to Clans and Network Capitalism: Explaining China's Emerging Economic Order”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Sayı.41, No.4, ss. 600- 628
  • Boisot, M. (1998). Knowledge Assets: Securing Competitive Advantage in the Information Economy, New York, Oxford University Press.
  • Boisot, M., Child, J. (1999). “Organizations as Adaptive Systems in Complex Environments: The Case of China. Organization Science”, Sayı.10, No. 3, ss. 237-252.
  • Boisot, M., Li, Y. (2007). “Organization versus Market Knowledge: From Concrete Embodiment to Abstract Representation”, Exploration in Information Space: Knowledge, Agents, and Organization, Oxford University Press, London, ss. 109-146.
  • Boisot, M.ve MacMillan, Han, K.S. (2007). Organization versus Market Knowledge. Exploration in Information Space: Knowledge, Agents, and Organization, Oxford University Press,London.
  • Boisot, M. (2013). The Creation and Sharing of Knowledge. Knowledge, Organization and Management: Building on the Work of Max Boisot, Oxford University Press, London.
  • Canals, A. Boisot, M., MacMillan, I. (2005). “Simulating I-Space (SimISpace): An Agent-Based Approach to Modelling Knowledge Flows”, Working Paper, Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3), Erişim: http://www.uoc.edu/in3/eng/index.htm.
  • Canals, A. (2013). Knowledge in Big Science. Organization and Management: Building on the Work of Max Boisot, Oxford University Press,London.
  • Child, J. (1987). “Information Technology, Organization, and the Response to Strategic Challenges. California Management Review”, Sayı.30, No.1, ss.35-50.
  • Child, J., Ihrig, M, Merali, Y. (2014). “Organization as Information- A Space Odyssey”, Organization Studies, Sayı.35, No.6, ss.801-824.
  • Choi, Ju Chong, Lee, Soo, Hee. (1996). A Knowledge-Based View of Cooperative Interorganizational Relationships, San Francisco, CA, The New Lexington Press.
  • Davenport, T.H., Prusak, L. (2001). İş Dünyasında Bilgi Yönetimi: Kuruluşlar Ellerindeki Bilgiyi Nasıl Yönetirler?,(Çeviri: Günhan Günay), İstanbul Rota Yayınları.
  • Ding, X., Liu, H., Song, Y. (2013). “Are Internal Knowledge Transfer Strategies Double-Edged Swords?”, Journal of Knowledge Management, Sayı.17, No. 1, ss. 69-86.
  • Edvardson, I.R. (2008). “HRM and Knowledge Management”, Employee Relations, Sayı.30, No.5, ss.553-561.
  • Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution of Society: Outline of a Theory of Structuration, Cambridge, UK,Polity Press.
  • Grant, R. M. (1996a). “Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm”, Strategic Management Journal, Sayı.17, No., ss. 109-122.
  • Grant, R.M. (1996b). “Prospering in Dynamically Competitive Environments: Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration”, Organization Science, Sayı.4, ss. 375-387.
  • Griffiths, D., Boisot, M., Mole, V. (1998). “Strategies for Managing Knowledge Assets: A Tale of Two Companies”, Technovation, Sayı.18, No. 8/9, ss. 529-538.
  • Hansen, M.T., Nohria, N. Tierney, T. (1999). “What’s Your Strategy for Managing Knowledge? Harvard Business Review”, Sayı. Mart-Nisan, ss.106-116.
  • Kogut, B., Zander, U. (1992). “Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology”, Organization Science, Sayı.3, No. 3, ss. 383-397.
  • Kogut, B., Zander, U. (1995). “Knowledge and the Speed of the Transfer and Imitation of Organizational Capabilities: An Empirical Test”, Organization Science, Sayı.6, No. 1, ss. 76-92.
  • Lam, A. (2000). “Tacit Knowledge, Organizational Learning and Societal Institutions: An Integrated Framework”, Organization Studies, Sayı.21, No. 3, ss. 487-513.
  • Liebeskind, J.P. (1996). “Knowledge, Strategy and the Theory of the Firm”, Strategic Management Journal, Sayı.17, ss. 93-107.
  • Nonaka, I., Takeuchi, H. (1995). The Knowledge-Creating Company, Oxford,Oxford University Press.
  • Madhok, A. 1996. “The Organization of Economic Activity: Transaction Costs, Firm Capabilities, and the Nature of Governance”, Organization Science, Sayı.7, ss. 577-590.
  • Manhart, M, Thalmann, S. (2015). “Protecting Organizational Knowledge: A Structured Literature Review. Journal of Knowledge Management” Sayı.19, No. 2, ss. 190-211.
  • Ouchi, W.G., Price, R.L. (1978). “Hierarchies, Clans and Theory Z: A New Perspective on Organizations Development”, Organizational Dynamics, Sayı.2, No.7, ss. 25-44.
  • Ouchi, W.G. (1980). “Markets, Bureaucracies, and Clans”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Sayı.25, No.1, ss.129-141.
  • Oxley, J.E. (1997). “Appropriability Hazards and Governance in Strategic Alliances: A Transaction Cost Approach”, The Journal of Law, Economics, &Organization, Sayı.13, No.2, ss.387-409.
  • Polanyi, M. 1966.The Tacit Dimension, New York, Anchor Day.
  • Renzl, B. (2008). “Trust in Management and Knowledge Sharing: The Mediating Effects of Fear and Knowledge Documentation. The International Journal of Management Science”, Sayı. 36, No.2, ss. 206-220.
  • Reus, T.H., Ranft, A.L., Lamont, B.T., Adams, G.L. (2009). “An Interpretative Systems View of Knowledge Investments”, Academy of Management Review, Sayı.34, No. 3, ss. 382-400.
  • Sargut, A.S. (2001). “Klanlar, İdeal Bürokrasi ve Pazarlara Karşı: Türk Toplumunda Yönetsel ve Örgütsel yapılanmanın Kurumsal Temelleri”, 9. Ulusal yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildirisi, İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi.
  • Sargut, A. S. (2003), “Kurumsal Alanlardaki Örgüt Yapılarının Oluşmasında ve Ekonomik İşlemlerin Yürütülmesinde Güvenin Rolü”, Ed. Ferda Erdem, Sosyal Bilimlerde Güven, Ankara, Vadi Yayınları, ss.89-124.
  • Sargut, A.S. (2015). Kültürler Arası Farklılaşma, İmge Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Schultze, U, Leidner, D.E. (2002). “Studying Knowledge Management in Information Systems Research: Discourses and Theoretical Assumptions”, MIS Quarterly (Management Information Systems), Sayı.26, No. 3, ss. 213-242.
  • Smit, T. (2014). “The Appropriability Regime as a Tool to Measure Knowledge Protection”, 3rd International Business Bachelor Thesis Conference, Enschelede, The Netherlands.
  • Stenmark, D. (2000/2001). “Leveraging Tacit Organizational Knowledge”, Journal of Management Information Systems, Sayı.17, No. 3, ss. 9-24.
  • Stratch, P, Everett, A.M. (2006). “Knowledge Transfer within Japanese Multinationals: Building a Theory”, Journal of Knowledge Management, Sayı.10, No. 1, ss. 55-68.
  • Takeuchi, H. (2001). Towards a Universal Management Concept of Knowledge. Managing Industrial Knowledge; Creation, Transfer and Utilization. (ed, Nonaka, I., Teece, D.), Sage Publications, London.
  • Teece, D.J. (1998). “Capturing Value from Knowledge Assets: The New Economy, Markets for Know-how and Intangible Assets”, California Management Review, Sayı.40, No. 3, ss. 55- 79.
  • Wang, L., Buckland, M. (2016). “From Fief to Clan: Boisot’s Information Space Model as a Documentary Theory for Cultural and Institutional Analysis”, Proceedings From The Document Academy, The University of Akron.
  • Wang, T., Libaers, D., Park, H.D. (2016). “The Paradox of Openness: How Product and Patenting Experience Affect R&D Sourcing in China?”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Sayı.34, No.3, ss. 250-268.
  • Williamson, O.E. (1975). Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Anti-Trust Implications, New York, Free Press.
  • Williamson, O.E. (1979). “Transaction-Cost Economics: The Governance of Contractual Relations”, Journal of Law and Economics, Sayı.22, No. 2, ss. 233-261.
  • Williamson, O. E., Ouchi, W.G. (1981). “The Markets and Hierarchies Program of Research: Origins, Implications, Prospects” (ed, Andrew H. Van de Ven and William F. Joyce), Perspectives on Organization Design and Behaviour, ss. 347-370, New York: Wiley.
  • Wilkins, A.L., Ouchi, W. G. (1983). “Efficient Cultures: Exploring the Relationship between Culture and Organizational Performance”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Sayı.28, No. 3, ss. 468-481.
  • Wolter, C, Veloso, F.M. (2008). “The Effects of Innovation on Vertical Structure: Perspectives on Transaction Costs and Competences”, The Academy of Management Review, Sayı.33, No.3, ss. 586-605.
  • Yang, S.M., Fang, S.C., Fang, S.R., Chou, C.H. (2013). “Knowledge Exchange and Knowledge Protection in Interorganizational Learning: The Ambidexterity Perspective”, Industrial Marketing Management, Sayı.43, No.2, ss. 346-358.
  • Zack, M. H. (2003). “Rethinking the Knowledge-Based Organization”, Sloan Management Review, Sayı. 44, No. 4, ss. 67-71.
  • Zaim, H. 2010. “Türkiye’ de Bilgi Yönetimi Uygulamaları”, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, ss. 762-782.
Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi-Cover
  • ISSN: 2148-1237
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1941
  • Yayıncı: Türk Kooperatifçilik Kurumu