The author of this article J.Aymawıtulı, M. B.Mailin Kazakh literature at the beginning of the twentieth century, including in the development of the art of prose and research, scientific analysis of the work. At the beginning of the XX century Kazakh classified according to the theme of his stories, to define three types of social problems. They Kazakh women's freedom, people from overseas since the period of social inequality, the class struggle and mass are struggling with how to set up a new life, the spirit of the new generation of Soviet general, attempting to create a new era of images of people.