Çok Yıllık Serin Mevsim Buğdaygil Yem Bitkilerinde Yaz Dormansisi

Bitkiler bazı stratejiler geliştirerek olumsuz çevre şartlarında hayatta kalırlar. Bu stratejilerden birisi de dormansidir. Bu makale, bitkilerin yaz mevsiminde yaşadıkları yaz dormansisi hakkında bilgi sunmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Yaz dormansisi bitkilerin yaşadığı bir endo-dormansi türüdür. Fenotipe bakarak bitkinin endo-dormansi yaşadığını belirlemek oldukça güçtür. Bu nedenle dormansi türünü doğru belirlemek gerekmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda, buğdaygiller familyası da dâhil olmak üzere farklı familyalara ait birçok bitki türünde yaz dormansisi belirlenmiştir. Hem yem bitkileri tarımında üretimi hem de meraların verimini artırmak için çok yıllık serin mevsim buğdaygil yem bitkilerinin mutlaka yetiştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Yaz dormansisi yaşayan bitkilerde toprak üstü aksamda kısmen veya tamamen ölüm yaşanırken, toprak altındaki meristematik dokular ise canlılıklarını devam ettirmektedirler. Dolayısıyla bitkiler ekstrem şartlarda hayatta kalabilmektedirler. Ancak yaz dönemindeki verimleri oldukça düşüktür. Bu nedenle bitkilerin dormansi özelliği net olarak belirlenmeli ve yetiştirileceği bölge, uygulanacak kültürel işlemler doğru tercih edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mera, kuraklık, Poaceae

Summer Dormancy in Perennial Cool-Season Forage Grasses

Plants survive in unfavorable environmental conditions by developing some strategies. One of these strategies is dormancy. This article was prepared to provide information about the summer dormancy of plants in summer. Summer dormancy is a type of endo-dormancy that plants have. It is very difficult to determine that the plant has endo-dormant by phenotype. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the type of dormancy. As a result of the studies, summer dormancy was determined in many plant species belonging to different families including Poaceae family. In order to increase both the production of forage crops and the yield of grasslands, the perennial cool season grasses should be cultivated. While plants having summer dormancy may lost all or some of the aboveground parts, underground meristematic tissues can continue their vitality. Therefore, plants can survive under extreme conditions. However, the yields during summer are rather low. For this reason, dormancy characteristics of the plants should be clearly defined and the cultivation area and cultural practices should be chosen correctly.

Keywords:

Pasture, drought, Poaceae,

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