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Yığılca (Türkiye) bal arılarının bal midelerinden bakteri izolasyonu, tanımlanması ve probiyotik özelliklerinin karakterizasyonu

Balarıları, dünyadaki hemen hemen bütün canlıların idamesi için hayati değer taşıyan anahtar türler olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Ancak, tüm dünyada bal arısı stoklarının büyük oranda kitlesel ölümlerine yol açan koloni çöküşü, uluslararası endişeye sebep olmaktadır. Bu kayıpları önlemek için yeni yaklaşımların ortaya çıkarılması gerekmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, arıların vücutlarında bulunan probiyotik özellik taşıyan bakterilerin, arıların patojenlere karşı direnç sağlamasında aktif bir rol üstlenecekleri düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada sağlıklı arıların bal midesinden probiyotik özellikli laktik asit bakterilerinin izole edilmesi, bu bakterilerin arılarda hastalık etmeni patojenlere karşı etkisinin incelenmesi ve bu bakterilerin arıların bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirmek maksadıyla kullanılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 2015-2016 yılları arasında, DAGEM (Düzce Üniversitesi, Arıcılık Araştırma, Geliştirme ve Uygulama Merkezi, Yığılca, DÜZCE)’ den temin edilen arıların bal midesinden probiyotik özellikli bakteri taraması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bakterilerin arı patojeni Melissococcus plutonius (Trüper and de' Clari, 1998) (Enterococcaceae)’ a karşı inhibisyon aktivitesi in vitro agar kuyu difüzyon metodu ile belirlenmiştir. Ardından istenen özelliklere sahip bakteri biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve 16s rDNA analizi ile moleküler olarak Lactobacillus kunkeei (Edwards, 1998) (Lactobacillaceae) olarak tanımlanmış ve probiyotik doğası incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, elde edilen izolatın gelecekte preparatlarının hazırlanarak, arıların bağışıklık sistemlerini destekleyeceği ve sonuçta, antibiyotikler ile kimyasal tedavi yöntemlerine başvurulmadan dirençli arıların üretileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bakteri, balarısı, izolasyon, Lactobacillus kunkeei, probiyotikler

Isolation, identification and characterization of probiotic properties of bacterium from the honey stomachs of Yigilca honeybees in Turkey

Honeybees are considered as a key species in nature for their vital role in the maintenance of almost all life on earth. However, the massive death of honeybee stocks worldwide, largely due to colony collapse disorder, is causing international concern. In order to avoid these losses, new approaches must be sought. In previous studies, the probiotic properties of the bacteria found in the bodies of honeybees are thought to have an active role in providing resistance against pathogens. Consequently, in this study, it is aimed to isolate probiotic lactic acid bacteria from honey stomachs of the healthy honeybee, to examine the effect of these bacteria against pathogenic bacteria and to use these bacteria to boost the immune system of bees. For this purpose, between 2015 and 2016, probiotic bacteria were screened from honey bees that provided by DAGEM (Düzce University, Beekeeping Research, Development and Application Center, Yığılca, DÜZCE). The inhibitory activity of the obtained bacteria against the bee pathogen Melissococcus plutonius (Trüper and de 'Clari, 1998) (Enterococcaceae) was determined by in vitro agar well diffusion. The bacterium with the desired characteristics were identified by biochemical, physiological and 16s rDNA analysis as Lactobacillus kunkeei (Edwards, 1998) (Lactobacillaceae) and its probiotic nature was investigated. With the evaluation of these findings, future preparations of the isolate are expected to support the bee immune system and, as a result, to produce resistant honeybees without resorting to treatment with antibiotics.

Keywords:

Bacterium, honeybee, isolation, Lactobacillus kunkeei, probiotics,

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