Özgür SAĞLAM, Ali BAYRAM, Ali Arda IŞIKBER, Recep ŞEN, Hüseyin BOZKURT, Songül HENTEŞ

Yeni bir Türk diatom toprağı formülasyonunun (Detech) üç ana depolanmış tahıl zararlıların erginlerine karşı insektisidal ve kaçırıcı etkisi

Bu çalışmada, yeni bir Türk diyatom toprağı formülasyonunun (Detech) pirinç biti Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), kırma biti, Tribolium confusum du Val., 1863 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) ve ekin kambur biti, Rhyzopertha dominica (F., 1792) erginlerine karşı insektisidal ve kaçırıcı etkisini değerlendirmek için laboratuvar denemeleri yürütülmüştür. İnsektisidal aktivite için, Detech’in 0, 600 ve 900 ppm konsantasyonu uygulanan ekmeklik yumuşak buğday üzerinde 25 ± 1°C sıcaklık ve %65 ± 5 nispi nemde biyolojik testler yürütülmüş ve 45 gün sonra yeni nesil ergin sayıları değerlendirilmiştir. Kaçırıcı etki için, 25 ± 1°C sıcaklık ve %65 ± 5 nispi nemde ve Detech’nin 1000 ppm konsantrasyonu uygulanan tek katmanlı buğday üzerinde iki seçenekli testler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Genel olarak, Detech buğday üzerinde T. confusum ve S. oryzae erginlerine karşı çok etkili olurken 7 ve 14 gün maruz bırakma süresi sonunda 600 ve 900 ppm'de T. confusum ve S. oryzae erginlerin %82-100 ölüme neden olmuştur. Her iki konsantrasyonda da S. oryzae'nın yeni nesil ergin çıkışı tamamen veya tamama yayın engellenirken, R. dominica da ise yeni nesil ergin çıkışındaki en yüksek azalma (%84) 900 ppm’de elde edilmiştir. Detech, T. confusum ve S. oryzae erginlerinde karşı oldukça yüksek düzeyde, R. dominica erginlerinde düşük kaçırıcı etki göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, Detech'in, tahıllarda umut verici bir koruyucu insektisit olarak depolanmış tahıl zararlılarına karşı etkin bir şekilde kullanım potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Denemeler 2020-2021 yılında Tekirdağ Namık Kemal ve Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Entomoloji laboratuvarlarında yürütülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Doğal insektisitler, kaçırıcı etki, Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium confusum, buğday

Insecticidal and repellency effects of a Turkish diatomaceous earth formulation (Detech) on adults of three important pests of stored grain

In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted in order to assess the insecticidal and repellency effects of a novel Turkish diatomaceous earth (DE) formulation (Detech) on adults of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum du Val., 1863 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F., 1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). For the insecticidal activity, bioassays were conducted with soft wheat treated with 0, 600 and 900 ppm of Detech at 25 ± 1°C and 65 ± 5% RH and progeny production was assessed after 45 days. For the repellency tests, two-choice tests on mono-layer wheat were conducted at 1,000 ppm of Detech at 25 ± 1°C and 65 ± 5% RH. Overall, Detech was effective against T. confusum and S. oryzae adults in wheat, causing 82% to 100% mortality at 600 and 900 ppm after 7 and 14 days exposure. The complete, or almost complete, progeny inhibition of S. oryzae were found at both concentrations, whereas the highest reduction in R. dominica progeny (84%) was obtained at 900 ppm. Detech was highly and moderately repellent to T. confusum and S. oryzae adults, respectively, whereas it had no or low repellency effect on R. dominica adults. In conclusion, Detech, which consists of a mixture of three DE deposits with different diatom frustules has potential for use against stored-grain insect pests as a promising grain protectant. Experiments were conducted in 2020-2021 in Entomology Laboratory of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University and Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University.

Keywords:

Natural insecticides, repellency, Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium confusum, wheat,

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