Aşı Tereddüdü ve Reddi: Bir Amasya Örneği

Amaç: Amasya’da aşı tereddüdü yaşayan veya aşı yaptırmayı reddeden ebeveynler ile yapılan bu çalışmada onların kararını etkiyen faktörleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırma, 2019-2020 yılı içinde Amasya ilinde çocuklarına aşı yaptırmayı reddeden ailelerin özellikleri sorgulanarak, aşı yaptıran bir grup aile ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda aşının içinde çocuğa zararlı maddelerin olduğunu düşünme, aşının çocuğa zarar vereceğini düşünme ve bütün çocukluk çağı aşılarının dış ülkelerden geldiği için güven vermemesi aşı yaptırmama nedenleri ile ilgili en çok ifade edilen üç neden olarak belirtilmiştir. Aşı yaptırmayı reddeden çalışma grubunda doğum öncesi tarama testleri, şeker yükleme ve tetanos aşısı yaptırmayanların oranı kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olarak saptanmıştır. Aşıyla ilgili olumsuz deneyimlere sahip olma (OR= 6.57) ve bulaşıcı hastalıklara yönelik tedbir almama (OR= 32.64) aşıyı yaptırmamayla pozitif yönde ilişkili bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Bu çalışma ebeveynlerin sosyodemografik özellikler ile aşıya tutumlarını değerlendiren sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmalardan biridir. Aşıların temini ve finansmanından dolayı ailelerde aşılara karşı güven endişesi mevcuttur. Aşılamanın sadece bireysel değil toplumsal bağışıklık için gerekli olduğu gerçeği toplumdaki tüm bireylere çağdaş bilimsel bilgiler ışığında anlatılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çocukluk Çağı, bağışıklama, Aşı reddi, aşı tereddütü

Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal: A Case Study of Amasya

Objective: This study conducted with parents who have vaccination hesitation or refused to be vaccinated in Amasya is aimed to determine the factors that affected their decision. Material and Methods: In this study, the characteristics of families who refused to vaccinate their children in Amasya in 2019–2020 were questioned and compared with a group of families who had their children vaccinated. Results: In the study group, thinking that there are harmful substances in the vaccine, thinking that the vaccine will harm the child, and not giving confidence because all childhood vaccines come from abroad were stated as the three most expressed reasons for not vaccination. The rate of prenatal screening tests, sugar loading and tetanus vaccine was found to be significantly higher in the study group who refused vaccination compared with the control group. Having negative experiences related to vaccination (OR = 6.57) and not taking measures for communicable diseases (OR = 32.64) were positively associated with not having the vaccine. Conclusion: This study is one of the limited number of studies evaluating parents’ sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes toward vaccination. Due to the provision and financing of vaccines, families have concerns related to confidence in vaccines. The fact that vaccination is necessary not only for individuals but also for social immunity should be explained to all individuals in society considering modern scientific knowledge.

Keywords:

Childhood, immunization, Vaccine hesitancy, vaccine refusal,

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