Spotted ash looper, Abraxas pantaria (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a new ash pest in Turkey

Abraxas pantaria (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) ülkemizde yeni bir dişbudak zararlısı olarak belirlenmiş ve bu zararlının gelişmesi, biyolojisi, zararı ve parazitoitleri arazi koşullarında (Aras Vadisi, Karakurt, Sarıkamış, Kars) kısmen de laboratuarda 2004-2006 yıllarında çalışılmıştır. Yeni bir zararlı olması gözönüne alınarak değişik biyolojik dönemlerinin kısaca tanımları yapılmıştır. Erginler, haziran sonlarında ortaya çıkmakta ve ağustos ortalarına kadar arazide görülmektedir. Yumurtalar, çoğunlukla yaprağın alt yüzünde orta damar yakınına tek tabaka halinde toplu olarak bırakılmaktadır. Yeni çıkan tırtıllar, üçüncü tırtıl dönemine kadar alt epidermis ve parankima dokusu ile beslenmekte daha sonra dağılarak yaprak kenarlarında beslenmelerini sürdürmektedirler. Yaprakları yemek suretiyle dişbudaklarda önemli derecede zarar yapmaktadırlar. Olgun tırtıllar, bir ipek salgı yardımı ile toprağa inmekte ve toprak içerisinde pupa olmaktadır. Kışı pupa halinde geçirmekte ve yılda bir döl vermektedir. Larva parazitoiti olarak Cotesia callimone (Nixon) (Braconidae) elde edilmiştir. Kışlamış pupa’lardan ilkbaharda Coelichneumon sp. ve Cratichneumon fabricator F. (Ichneumonidae), sonbahardaki pupa’lardan ise Pales pavida (Meigen) [Tachinidae] elde edilmiştir. Belirtilen brakonid ve ichneumunid türlerinin A. pantaria’nın parazitoitleri olduğu ilk defa bu çalışma ile belirlenmiştir.

Abraxas pantaria (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) Türkiye için yeni bir dişbudak (Fraxinus excelsior (L.) zararlısı

Abraxas pantaria (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), the spotted ash looper (Light Magpie), is recognized as a new pest of common ash, Fraxinus excelsior (L.) in the eastern part of Turkey. Description of different developmental stages of A. pantaria is given. Its development, biology, damage, and parasitoids were studied in the field (Aras Valley, Karakurt, Sarıkamış, Kars Province) and partly in the laboratory during 2004-2006. In the field adults started to appear at the end of June and were seen until the middle of August. The eggs were laid mostly on the lower sides of leaves adjacent to the midrib in single layer batches. The newly hatched caterpillars fed on lower epidermis and parenchyma tissue till becoming third instar, leaving a network of veins on the upper epidermis. Then the caterpillars dispersed and started feeding on the edges of the leaves. The full grown caterpillars hanged down by means of silky threads and entered the soil to pupate. Abraxas pantaria had one generation per year in the ecological conditions of Karakurt, and overwintered as pupa in the soil. As the parasitoid Cotesia callimone (Nixon) (Braconidae) was reared from the caterpillar of A. pantaria. Coelichneumon sp. and Cratichneumon fabricator F. (Ichneumonidae) emerged from overwintered pupae. Pales pavida (Meigen) [Tachinidae] was reared from the pupae in the fall. Both braconid and ichneumonid species were reared from A. pantaria for the first time.

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