Research on the factors affecting cholesterol content and some other characteristics of eggs in laying hens

Bu çalışmada yaş, genotip, yetiştirme sistemi ve rasyon yapısının yumurta tavuklarında yumurta ve serum kolesterol içeriği ile yumurtanın diğer bazı özelliklerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ancak bu makelede sadece genotip ve yetiştirme tipi ile ilgili araştırma bulguları verilmiştir. Çalışmada 400 adet Beyaz (Babcock-300) ve 440 adet Kahverengi (IsaBrown) olmak üzere 21 haftalık toplam 840 adet tavuk kullanılmış ve her iki genotipteki hayvanlar yer ve kafes olmak üzere iki farklı yetiştirme sistemlerinde barındırılmışlardır. Araştırmanın yem materyalini, Kontrol (I ve II), % 2 ve 4 sellüloz artırımı (III, IV, V ve VI) ve % 2 ve 4 sellüloz artırımı + 250 mg/kg Vitamin C artırımı (VII, VIII, IX ve X) olmak üzere-10 farklı yem grubu oluşturmuştur. Oluşturulan deneme karmalarının yarısında enerji açığı soya yağı diğer yarısında ise hayvansal yağ (sığır don yağı) ile kapatılmıştır. Genotip ve yetiştirme sistemi yumurta ve serum kolesterol içeriğini önemli düzeyde etkilemiştir. Serum ve yumurta kolesterol içeriği Beyaz yumurta tavuklarında, Kahverengi yumurta tavuklarına göre, daha düşük saptanmıştır. Genotipin kabuk oranı ve kalınlığı üzerindeki etkisi önemli bulunmamıştır. Yetiştirme sistemi farklılığı yumurta ağırlığı, kabuk ağırlığı ve kalınlığını önemli düzeyde etkilememiştir. Yumurta verimi, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma bakımından genotipler arasında Beyaz yumurta tavukları, yetiştirme tipleri arasında da kafeste yetiştirme daha iyi sonuç vermiştir. Her iki genotip için yumurta kolesterol içeriği (mg/yumurta) ile yumurta ve sarı ağırlığı; serum kolesterol içeriği ile yumurta verimi arasında pozitif ve önemli korrelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Serum ve yumurta kolesterol içeriği (mg/g ve mg/yumurta) arasındaki korrelasyon ise negatif bulunmuş olup bu ilişki Beyaz yumurta tavuklarında önemli çıkmıştır.

Yumurta tavuklarında yumurtanını kolesterol içeriği ile diğer bazı özelliklerine etki eden etkenler üzerinde bir araştırma genotip ve yetiştirme tipinin etkileri

The effects of the age of the hen, genotype, rearing system and dietary structure on egg and serum cholesterol content and some other characteristics of eggs were investigated in laying hens. However, only the findings related to genotype and rearing system are given. A total of 840 hens, Elweeks of age and consisting of 400 white layers (Babcock-300) and 440 brown layers (IsaBrown) were used. The 2 genotypes had been housed in different rearing systems, floor pens and cages. Ten different feed groups consisting of controls (I and II), 2% and 4% fiber increment (111, IV, V and VI), 2% and 4% fiber increment + 250 mg/kg vitamin C (VII, VIII, IX and X) formed the feed material of the trial. Energy shortfalls in the diets were made good by soybean oil in one half, and by animal fat (beef tallow) in the other. Genotype and rearing system significantly affected egg and serum cholesterol content. The serum and egg yolk cholesterol contents of white layers were lower than those of brown layers. The effect of genotype on shell ratio and thickness was not significant. Differences between rearing systems were nonsignificant for egg weight, and shell weight and thickness. White layers were better than browns layers, and cage rearing was better than floor pen rearing for egg production, feed consumption and feed conversion. There were positive and significant correlations (P < 0.05) among egg cholesterol content and egg weight, and yolk weight, and also between serum cholesterol and egg production for each genotype. The correlations between serum and egg yolk cholesterol (mg/g and mg/egg) were negative for both genotypes, but were significant for white layers.

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