Oxidative stress in calves with enzootic pneumonia

This study was performed to evaluate the oxidative stress in calves with enzootic pneumonia. Ninety calves that were 2–6 months old were used in this study. Ten of these calves were healthy and used as the control group, while 80 were diagnosed with enzootic pneumonia according to the clinical examinations. The biochemical results showed that total oxidant status (TOS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and sialic acid (SA) levels were higher in calves with enzootic pneumonia than in the control group. While there was a statistically significant increase in TOS, MDA, and SA concentrations, there was not any statistically significant change at NO levels. Furthermore, a statistically significant decrease was observed in total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) concentrations. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated after TOS and TAS concentrations were obtained and it was detected to be high, but not statistically significant. In conclusion, according to these results, severe oxidative stress was detected in calves with enzootic pneumonia. These results reveal that oxidative stress may have a role and contribution in the occurrence of the disease and the obtained results might contribute to further studies. Besides, it is concluded that antioxidant supplements would be beneficial for supporting the routine treatment of the disease.

PDF

___

1. Kale M, Öztürk D, Hasırcıoğlu S, Pehlivanoğlu F, Türütoğlu H. Some viral and bacterial respiratory tract infections of dairy cattle during the summer season. Acta Veterinaria Belgrade 2013; 63 (2-3): 227-236. doi: 10.2298/AVB1303227K
2. Joshi V, Gupta VK, Bhanuprakash AG, Mandal RSK, Dimri U et al. Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A as putative biomarker candidates of naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease in dairy calves. Microbial Pathogenesis 2018; 116: 33-37. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.00
3. Van Donkersgoed J, Ribble CS, Boyer LG, Townsend HGG. Epidemiological study of enzootic pneumonia in dairy calves in Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 1993; 57: 247-254.
4. Griffin D, Chengappa MM, Kuszak J, McVey DS. Bacterial pathogens of the respiratory disease complex. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 2010; 26 (2): 381-394.
5. Celi P. Oxidative stress in ruminants. In: Mandelker L, Vajdovich P (editors). Studies on Veterinary Medicine. 1st ed. Totowa: Humana Press. pp. 191-231. 2011.
6. Tabakoğlu E, Durgut R. Oxidative stress in veterinary medicine and effects in some important diseases. Journal of AVKAE. 2013; 3 (1): 69-75.
7. Lykkesfeldt J, Svendsen O. Oxidants and antioxidants in disease: oxidative stress in farm animals. The Veterinary Journal 2007; 173: 502-511. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.06.005
8. Al-Qudah KM. Oxidative stress in calves with acute or chronic bronchopneumonia. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire 2009; 160 (5): 231-236.
9. Shoieb SF, Mohamed H, Ibrahim M, Sayed-Ahmed M, ElKhodery SA. Antioxidant trace elements and oxidative stress levels associated with pasteurellosis in camel-calves (Camelus dromedarius). Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology 2016; 7 (6):1-5. doi: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000393
10. Hanedan B, Kirbas A, Kandemir FM, Ozkaraca M, Kilic K et al. Arginase activity and total oxidant/antioxidant capacity in cows with lung cystic echinococcosis. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 2015; 71(3): 167-170.
11. Joshi V, Gupta VK, Kumar OR, Pruthvishree BS, Dimri U et al. Bovine respiratory disease - an updated review. Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology 2016; 18 (2): 86-93. doi: 10.5958/0973-9149.2016.00014.9
12. Ide PR. The etiology of enzootic pneumonia of calves. Canadian Veterinary Journal 1970; (10) 11: 194-202.
13. Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD (editors). Veterinary Medicine. 10th ed. Philadelphia, USA: W.B. Saunders Co. 2007.
14. Das R, Sailo L, Verma N, Bharti P, Saikia J. Impact of heat stress on health and performance of dairy animals: A review. Veterinary World 2016; 9 (3): 260-268. doi: 10.14202/ vetworld.2016.260-268
15. Sies H, Berndt C, Jones DP. Oxidative stress. Annual Review of Biochemistry 2017; 86: 715-748. doi: 10.1146/annurevbiochem-061516-045037
16. Mandelker L. Oxidative stress, free radicals, and cellular damage. In: Mandelker L, Vajdovich P (editors). Studies on Veterinary Medicine. 1st ed. Totowa: Humana Press. pp. 1-17. 2011.
17. Abuelo A, Hernandez J, Benedito JL, Castillo C. Oxidative stress index (OSI) as a new tool to assess redox status in dairy cattle during the transition period. Animal 2013; 7 (8): 1374- 1378. doi: 10.1017/S1751731113000396
18. Aktas MS, Kandemir FM, Kirbas A, Hanedan B, Aydin MA. Evaluation of oxidative stress in sheep infected with Psoroptes ovis using total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and malondialdehyde level. Journal of Veterinary Research 2017; 61: 197-201. doi: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0025
19. Karapehlivan M, Atakisi E, Citil M, Kankavi O, Atakisi O. Serum sialic acid levels in calves with pneumonia. Veterinary Research Communications 2007; 31: 37-41. doi: 10.1007/ s11259-006-3312-6
20. Durgut R, Ataseven VS, Sağkan-Öztürk A, Öztürk OH. Evaluation of total oxidative stress and total antioxidant status in cows with natural bovine herpesvirus-1 infection. Journal of Animal Science 2013; 91: 3408-3412. doi: 10.2527/jas.2012- 5516
21. Schott C, Cai H, Parker L, Bateman KG, Caswell JL. Hydrogen peroxide production and free radical-mediated cell stress in Mycoplasma bovis pneumonia. Journal of Comparative Pathology 2014; 150: 127-137. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2013.07.008
22. Ismael M, El-Sayed MS, Metwally AM, Ibrahim ZK, ElSaman ARM. Clinical and haematobiochemical evaluation of pneumonia in calves with special reference to oxidant/ antioxidant indices. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2017; 54 (2): 40-44. doi: 10.5455/ajvs.246119
23. Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical Biochemistry 2005; 38: 1103- 1111. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.08.008
24. Durgut R, Oztürk AS, Oztürk OH, Guzel M. Evaluation of oxidative stress, antioxidant status and lipid profile in cattle with displacement of the abomasum. Veterinary Journal of Ankara University 2016; 63: 137-141.
25. Blumberg J. Use of biomarkers of oxidative stress in research studies. The Journal of Nutrition 2004; 134 (11): 3188-3189. doi: 10.1093/jn/134.11.3188S
26. Karapehlivan M, Uzlu E, Kaya N, Kankavi O, Ural K et al. Investigation of some biochemical parameters and the antioxidant system in calves with dermatophytosis. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 2007; 31 (2): 85-89.
27. Özçelik M, İssi M, Gül, Y, Güler O, Şimşek H et al. The effect of free radical damage formed in beef cattle with bacterial pneumonia on antioxidant activity and some minerals. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Erciyes University 2014; 11 (2): 111-116.
28. Kirmizigul AH, Ogun M, Ozen H, Erkilic EE, Gokce E et al. Oxidative stress and total sialic acid levels in sheep naturally infected with pox virus. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 2016; 36 (3): 312-315.
29. Hermeyer K, Jacobseni B, Spergseri J, Rosengarten R, Hewicker-Trautwein M. Detection of Mycoplasma bovis by in-situ hybridization and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine and manganese superoxide dismutase in the lungs of experimentally-infected calves. Journal of Comparative Pathology 2011; 145: 240-250. doi: 10.1016/j. jcpa.2010.12.005
30. Ergönül S, Aşkar TK. The investigation of heat shock protein (HSP 27), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric Oxide (NO) and interleukin (IL-6, IL-10) levels in cattle with anaplasmosis. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University 2009; 15 (4): 575-579. doi: 10.9775/kvfd.2009.068-A
31. Hanedan B, Kirbas A, Kandemir FM, Aktas MS, Yildiz A. Evaluation of arginase activity, nitric oxide and oxidative stress status in sheep with contagious agalactia. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 2017; 65 (3): 394-401. doi: 10.1556/004.2017.037
32. Singh K, Ritchey JW, Confer AW. Mannheimia haemolytica: bacterial-host interactions in bovine pneumonia. Veterinary Pathology 2011; 48 (2): 338-348. doi: 10.1177/0300985810377182
33. Yurdakul I, Aydogdu U. The effect of enteritis, pneumonia and omphalitis on oxidative/antioxidant balance in the calves. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 2019; 7 (3): 539-542. doi: 10.24925/turjaf.v7i3.539-542.2498
34. Hampl V, Cornfield DN, Cowan NJ, Archer SL. Hypoxia potentiates nitric oxide synthesis and transiently increases cytosolic calcium levels in pulmonary artery endothelial cells. European Respiratory Journal 1995; 8: 515-522. doi: 10.1183/09031936.95.08040515
35. Pekmezci D, Çenesiz S, Çakıroğlu D, Çiftci G, Çıra A et al. Status of lipid peroxidation, cell destruction and the antioxidant capacity in foals with lower respiratory tract disease. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University 2012; 18 (1): 157-160. doi: 10.9775/kvfd.2011.5189
36. Youssef MA, El-Khodery SA, Mohamed H, Ibrahim M. Antioxidant trace elements in serum of draft horses with acute and chronic lower airway disease. Biological Trace Element Research 2012; 150: 123-9. doi: 10.1007/s12011-012-9471-0
37. El-Deeb WM, Tharwat M. Lipoproteins profile, acute phase proteins, proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in sheep with pneumonic pasteurellosis. Comparative Clinical Pathology 2015; 24: 581-588. doi: 10.1007/s00580-014-1949-z
38. Eissa SI, Moussa SZ, Ahmet HA, El-Meadawy SA. Oxidative stress and immunosuppression induced by mycoplasma infection in cattle. The Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2007; 25: 62-77.
39. Nicholas RAJ, Ayling RD. Mycoplasma bovis: disease, diagnosis, and control. Research in Veterinary Science 2003; 74: 105-112. doi: 10.1016/S0034-5288(02)00155-8
40. Guzel M, Askar TK, Kaya G, Atakisi E, Avci GE. Serum sialic acids, total antioxidant capacity, and adenosine deaminase activity in cattle with theileriosis and anaplasmosis. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 2008; 52: 227-230.
41. Kirbas A, Yildirim BA, Baydar E, Kandemir FM. Status of lipid peroxidation and some antioxidants in sheep with acute ruminal lactic acidosis. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 2014; 70 (6): 357-361.
42. Fardy CH, Silverman M. Antioxidants in neonatal lung disease. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 1995; 73 (2): F112–F117. doi: 10.1007/BF02179672
43. Lang JD, McArdle PJ, O’Reilly PJ, Matalon S. Oxidantantioxidant balance in acute lung injury. Chest Journal 2002; 122: 314-320. doi: 10.1378/chest.122.6_suppl.314S
44. Rabus M, Demirbağ R, Sezen Y, Konukoğlu O, Yıldız A et al. Plasma and tissue oxidative stress index in patients with rheumatic and degenerative heart valve disease. Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology 2008; 36 (8): 536-540.