Muthukrishnan DHANARAJ, A. K. Mohamed HANİFİA, Muthu Chidambaram RAMAKRISHNAN, Arun S. Vijayakesava SINGH

Microbial flora from the epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) infected murrel Chana striatus (Bloch, 1797)in Tirunelveli region

The microbial flora of the liver, gills, intestine, and muscle of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) infected murrel Channa striatus in Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu was estimated quantitatively and qualitatively, and the isolates were identified at genus and species level. Total viable microbial count was measured as highest range in gills (5.9 ± 0.5 x 107 CFU (colony forming units) g"1) and lowest range in intestine (8.7 ± 1.8 x 104 CFU g"1). In total 17 bacterial and mycotic species were isolated and identified and Aeromonas hydrophila, Enterobacter sp., Vibrio sp., Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coii, Aphanomyces invadans, and Aspergillus sp. were the most predominant isolated and identified species in all samples. The purpose of this study is to isolate and identify the microflora of EUS infected C. striatus.

PDF

___

1.Wee, K.L., Tacon, A.G.J.: A preliminary study on the dietary protein requirement of juvenile snakehead. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish., 1982; 48: 1463-1468.
2.Jayaram, K.C.: Freshwater fishes of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma and Srilanka. A handbook, 1st edn. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta; 1981.
3.Haniffa, M.A., Marimuthu, K.: Seed production and culture of snakehead. Infofish Int., 2004; 2: 16-18.
4.Das, M.K.: Outbreak of the fish disease: epizootic ulcerative syndrome in India-an overview. In: Roberts, R.J., Campell, B., MacRae, I.H. Eds., Proceedings of the ODA Regional Seminar on Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome, Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand, 1994; 21-35.
5.Bondad-Reantaso, M.G., Lumanlan, S.C., Natividad, J.M., Phillips, M.J.: Environmental monitoring of the epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) in fish from Munoz, Nueva Ecija in the Philippines. In: Shariff, M., Subasinghe, R.P., Arthur, J.R. Eds., Disease in Asian Aquaculture I. Fish Health Section, Asian Fishery Society, Manila, The Philippines, 1992; 475-490.
6.Lilley, J.H., Phillips, M.J., Tonguthai, K.: A review of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) in Asia. Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute and Network of Aquaculture Centre in Asia- Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand, 1992; 73.
7.Pal, J.: The fish disease, epizootic ulcerative syndrome: the present state of research and. its impact in North Bengal. Proceedings of the National Workshop on Fish and Prawn Diseases, Epizootics and Quarantine Adoption in India. Central Inland Capture Research Institute, Barrackpore, 1996; 95-98.
8.Karunasagar, I., Sugumar, G., Karunasagar, I.: Virulence characters of Aeromonas sp. isolated from EUS-affected fish. In: Shariff, M., Arthur, J.R., Subasinghe, R.P. Eds., Disease in Asian Aquaculture II. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, The Philippines, 1995; 307-314.
9.Roberts, R.J., Willoughby, L.G., Chinabut, S.: Mycotic aspects of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) of Asian fishes, J. Fish Dis., 1993; 16: 169-183.
10.Frerichs.G.N.: Bacterial diseases of marine fish. Vet. Rec, 1989; 125: 315-318.
11.Roberts, R.J., Frerichs, G.N., Tonguthai, K., Chinabut, S.: Epizootic ulcerative syndrome of farmed and wild fishes, In: Muir, J.F., Roberts, RJ. Eds., Recent Advances in Aquaculture. J. Backwell Science., Vol.5, 1994; 207-239.
12.Holt, G.J.: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1986.
13.Caster, G.R., Cole, J.R.: Diagnostic Procedures in Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology. 5th edn., Academic Press. Inc, California, 1990.
14.Al-Harbi, A.H., Uddin, N.: Quantitative and qualitative studies on bacterial flora of hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticusxO. aureus) cultured in earthen ponds in Saudi Arabia. Aquae. Res., 2003; 34: 43-48.
15.Sabina Yesmin., Rahman, M.H., Hussain, M.A., Khan, A.R., Farzana Pervin, Hossain, M.A.: Aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish of swamps in Bangladesh. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci., 2004; 7:409-411.
16.Bullock, G.L., McLaughlin, J.J.A.: Advances in knowledge concerning bacteria pathogenic to fish. In: Snieszko, S.F. Ed., Symposium on Disease of Fishes and Shellfishes. American Fisheries Society, Washington D.C., 1970; 5: 231-242.
17.Karataş Düğenci, S., Candan, A.: Isolation of Aeromonas strains from the intestinal flora of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L. 1758). Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 2003; 27: 1071-1075.
18.Hazen, T.C., Fliermans, C.B., Hirsch, R.P., Esch, G.W.: Prevalence and distribution of Aeromonas hydrophila in the United States. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1978; 36: 731-738.
19.Kuge, T., Takahashi, K., Bares, I., Hayashi, F.: Aeromonas hydrophila, a causative agent of mass mortality in cultured Japanese catfish larvae (Silurus asotus). Gyobyo Kenkyu, 1992; 27: 57-62.
20.Lakshmanan, M., Sunder, K., Lipton, A.P.: Isolation and characterization of Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila from hemolytic disease in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (zan). Curr. Sci., 1989;55: 1080-1081.
21.Lio-Po, G.D., Albright L.J., Alapide-Tendencia, E.V.: Aeromonas hydrophila in the epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) of snakehead {Ophicephalus striatus) and catfish {Clarias batrachus), quantitative estimation in natural infection and experimental induction of dermomuscular necrotic lesion. In: Shariff I.M., Subasinghe R.P., Arthur, J.R. Eds., Diseases in Asian Aquaculture 1. Asian Fisheries Society, Fish Health Section, Makati, Metro Manila. 1992:461-474.
22.Katoch, R.E.C., Mandeep Sharma, Pathania, D., Subhash Verma., Rajesh Chahota, Arvind Mahajan, L: Recovery of bacterial and mycotic fish pathogen from carp and other fish in Himachal Pradesh. Ind. J. Microbiol., 2003; 43: 65-66.
23.Farkas, J.: Filamentous Flavobacterium sp. isolated from gill disease in cold water. Aquaculture., 1985; 44: 1-10.
24.Lilley, J.H., Roberts, R.J.: Pathogenicity and culture studies comparing the Aphanomyces involved in epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) with other similar fungi. J.Fish Dis., 1997; 20: 135-144.
25.Opkonasili, G.C., Ogbulie, J.N., Opkonasili, N.P.: Fungal flora of sample from Nigerian fresh water fish culture. J. Aqua. Trop., 1998:13:269-276.