Kedi ve köpeklerin ekleme yakın ekstremite kemikleri kırıklarında osteosentez amacıyla mini-titanyum plakların kullanımı

The use of mini-titanyum plates for osteosynthesis in extremity fractures located near joints in cats and dogs

This study was carried out with a total of 23 animals: two dogs and 21 cats. Appropriate mini-titanium plates and screws were selected with the aid of radiographs the day before the operation. All the animals were anesthesized with xylazine hydrochloride 2.3 mg/kg IM (Rompun, Bayer, Turkey) premedication followed by ketamine hydrochloride 10 mg/kg IM (Ketalar, Eczacıbaşı, Turkey) injection. The selected mini-titanium plates were shaped according to the fractured bone and applied. All the animals were monitored 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks postoperatively by means of clinical and radiological examinations. Twenty-one animals showed no postoperative complications; all the fractures healed and no clinical or radiological disorders were observed in or around the joint. In one case, synostosis was seen on the fracture line between the tibia and fibula. In another case, the mini-titanium plate was found to be bent and the screws protruded through the bone cortex due to release of the bandage by the owner. In 21 out of 23 cases, the mini-titanium plates and screws were removed between 42 and 230 days after the operation. It was concluded that mini-titanium plates and screws could be conveniently used in intraarticular and extraarticular fractures in cats and small breeds of dog.

PDF

___

1.Olmstead, M.L.: Complications of fractures repaired with platesand screws. Vet. Clin. N. Am. Small Anim. Pract., 1991; 4:669–686.
2.Francis, D.J., Johnson, K.A.: Interfragmentary stability influenceshealing of intraarticular fractures: A radiographic study of caninefemoral condyle fractures repaired with lag screws. Vet. Comp.Ortho., 1990; 3: 71–77.
3.Whitney, W.O., Schrader, S.C.: Dynamic intramedullarycrosspinning technique for repair of distal femoral fractures in dogsand cats: 71 cases (1981-1985). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 1987;9: 1133-1138.
4.Schatzker, J.: Intraarticular malunions and nonunions. Orthop.Clin. N. Am., 1990; 4: 743–757.
5.Lawson, D.D.: The management of fractures in domestic animals.Brit. Vet. J., 1963; 119: 492–510.
6.McLaughlin, R.: Intra-articular stifle fractures and arthrodesis. Vet.Clin. N. Am. Small Anim. Pract., 1993; 4: 877–895.
7.Ege, R.: K›r›klar›n cerrahi tedavisi. X. Milli Türk Ortopedi veTravmatoloji Kongresi. 17-20 May›s 1987 MERS‹N, Kongre kitab›,9-44.
8.Wolff, E.F.: ASIF (Association for the Study of Internal Fixation)techniques and implants; a review. Vet. Med.-US., 1972; 67: 771-774.
9.Marsh, J.L.: The use of Wurtzberg system to facilitate fixation infacial osteotomies. Clin. Plast. Surg., 1989; 1: 49-56.
10. Munro, I.R.: The Luhr fixation system for the craniofacial skeleton.Clin. Plast. Surg., 1989; 1: 41-48.
11. Schmelzeisen, R., McIff, T., Rahn, B.: Further development oftitanium miniplate fixation for mandibular fractures. Experiencegained and questions raised from a prospective clinical pilot studywith 2.0 mm fixation plates J. Cranio. Maxillafac. Surg., 1992; 20:251–256.
12. Donachie, M.: Titanium. In: Metal Handbook. Desk Edition byASM, 1993; 380-383.
13. Orton, E.C., Polher, O., Shenk, R., Hohn, R.B.: Comparison ofporous titanium-surfaced and standard smooth-surfaced boneplates and screws in an unstable fracture model in dogs. Am. J.Vet. Res., 1986; 3: 677-682.
14. Matter, P., Burch, HB.: Clinical experience with titanium implants,especially with the limited contact dynamic compression platesystem. Arch. Orthop. Trauma. Surg., 1990; 6: 311–313.
15. Riemer, B.L., Foglesong, ME., Miranda, M.A.: Femoral plating.Orthop. Clin. N. Am., 1994; 4: 625–663.
16. Piermattei, D.L., Greely, R.G.: Atlas of surgical approaches to thebones of dogs and cats. 2ndedition, WB Saunders Company,Philadelphia, 1979; 146-148, 204-205, 274-278, 302-303.
17. Lindenberg, A.M., Ebel, H., Fehr, M.: Fractures of the distalhumerus experiences with fracture classification according toUnger et al. Klientierpraxis, 1991; 36: 411–422.
18. Coetzee, G.L.: Supracondylar and distal epiphyseal femur fracturesin dog and cat. J. South African Vet. Assoc., 1983; 3: 171–179
19. Denny, H.R.: Fracture fixation in small animal practice. In pract,1991; 13: 137-143.
20. Boudrieau, R.J.: Management of Salter type-1 and type-2 distalfemoral fractures in the dog and cat. Calif. Vet., 1984; 4: 9–13.
21. Brinker, W.O., Piermattei, D.L., Flo, G.L.: Handbook of SmallAnimal Orthopedics and Fracture Treatment. 1stEdition, WBSaunders Company, Philadelphia, 1983; 199-201.
22. Culvenor, J.A., Howlett, C.R.: Avulsion of the medial epicondyle ofthe humerus in the dog. J. Small Anim. Pract., 1982; 23: 83–89.