Comparative histological structure of the sinus node in mammals

The main function of the sinus node is to provide the electrical impulse responsible for normal cardiac rhythm. The rhythmic coordination depends on the passage of the excitation wave by the heart through its conductive system of impulse. There is considerable variability in the size and exact location of the sinus node of individual hearts even within the same species. Histological features of the sinus node including the cells, the nodal artery, the collagen framework, and the innervation, and also some physiological characteristics of the node, will be discussed.

Comparative histological structure of the sinus node in mammals

The main function of the sinus node is to provide the electrical impulse responsible for normal cardiac rhythm. The rhythmic coordination depends on the passage of the excitation wave by the heart through its conductive system of impulse. There is considerable variability in the size and exact location of the sinus node of individual hearts even within the same species. Histological features of the sinus node including the cells, the nodal artery, the collagen framework, and the innervation, and also some physiological characteristics of the node, will be discussed.

___

  • Meijler, F.L., Strackee, J.: Evolution and scaling of atrioventricular conduction time in mammals. Am. Heart Hosp. J., 2006; 4: 53-57.
  • James, T.N.: Th e sinus node. Am. J. Cardiol., 1977; 40: 865-972.
  • James, T.N.: Cardiac conduction system: fetal and postnatal development. Am. J. Cardiol., 1970; 25: 213-225.
  • Walls, E.W.: Th e development of the specialized conducting tissue of the human heart. J. Anat., 1947: 81; 93-110.
  • Yousuf, N.: Th e conducting tissue of the heart of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus indicus. Anat. Rec., 1965; 152: 235- 250. 6. James, T.N.: Anatomy of the sinus node, AV node and os cordis of the beef heart. Anat. Rec., 1965; 153: 361-372.
  • Bishop, S.P., Cole, C.R.: Morphology of the specialized conducting tissue in the atria of the equine heart. Anat. Rec., 1967; 158: 401-416.
  • Nabipour, A., Khanzadi, S., Moradi, G.H.: Anatomy and histology of the sinu-atrial node of goats (Capra hircus). J. Appl. Anim. Res., 2000; 18: 153-158.
  • James, T.N.: Anatomy of the sinus node of the dog. Anat. Rec., 1962; 143: 251-266.
  • Ghazi, S.R., Tadjalli, M., Baniabbas, A.: Anatomy of the sinus node of domestic cats (Felis catus). J. Appl. Anim. Res., 1998; 14: 57-64.
  • Ghazi, S.R., Tadjalli, M.: Th e anatomy of the sinus node of camel (Camelus dromedarius). Anat. Histol. Embryol., 1995; 24: 1-5.
  • James, T.N.: Anatomy of the cardiac conduction system in the rabbit. Circ. Res., 1967; 20: 638-648.
  • Nabipour, A.: Anatomy and histology of the sinu-atrial node of guinea pig (Cavia percellus). J. Appl. Anim. Res., 2004; 25: 41-43.
  • Lu, Y., James, T.N., Yamamoto, S., Terasaki, F.: Cardiac conduction system in the chicken: gross anatomy plus light and electron microscopy. Anat. Rec., 1993; 236: 493-510.
  • Kim, Y., Yasuda, M.: Th e cardiac conducting system of the fowl. Anat. Histol. Embryol., 1979; 8: 138-150.
  • Prakash, R.: Th e heart and its conduction system in the lizard Calotes versi color (Daudin). Anat. Rec., 1960; 136: 469-475.
  • James, T.N.: Anatomy of the human sinus node. Anat. Rec., 1961; 141: 109-116.
  • Opthof, T., de Jonge, B., Jongsma, H.J., Bouman, L.N.: Functional morphology of the pig sinoatrial node. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol., 1987; 19: 1221-1236.
  • Opthof, T., de Jonge, B., Mackaay, A.J., Bleeker, W.K., Masson- Pevet, M., Jongsma, H.J., Bouman, L.N..: Functional and morphological organization of the guinea pig sinoatrial node compared with the rabbit sinoatrial node. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol., 1985; 17: 549-565.
  • Shimada, T., Noguchi, T., Asami, I., Campbell, G.R.: Functional morphology of the conduction system and the myocardium in the sheep heart as revealed by scanning and transmission electron microscope analyses. Arch. Histol. Jpn., 1986; 49: 283- 295.
  • Abrao, L.R., Derenusson, G., Caetano, A., DiDio, A.J.L.: Topography and morphology of the sinus node, of its innervation and irrigation in hearts of hamsters. 1st Virtual congress of cardiology, Uberaba, Brazil; 2008.
  • Söderström, N.: Myocardial infarction and mural thrombosis in the atria of the heart. Acta Med. Scandinav, 1948 Suppl.; 217: 1-114.
  • Copenhaver, W.M., Truex, R.C.: Histology of the atrial portion of the cardiac conduction system in man and other mammals. Anat. Rec., 1952; 114: 601-625.
  • Nerantzis, C.E., Toutouzas, P., Avgoustakis, D.: Th e importance of the sinus node artery in the blood supply of the atrial myocardium. An anatomical study of 350 cases. Acta Cardiol., 1983; 38: 35-47.
  • Opthof, T., de Jonge, B., Jongsma, H.J., Bouman, L.N.: Functional morphology of the mammalian sinoatrial node. Eur. Heart J., 1987; 8: 1249-1259.
  • James, T.N., Spence, C.A.: Distribution of cholinesterase within the sinus node and AV node of the human heart. Anat. Rec., 1966; 155: 151-162.
  • Frink, R.J., Merrick, B.: Th e sheep heart: coronary and conduction system anatomy with special reference to the presence of an os cordis. Anat. Rec., 1974; 179: 199-200.
  • Ghazi, S.R., Tadjalli, M.: Coronary arterial anatomy of the one- humped camel (Camelus dromedarius). Vet. Res. Commun., 1993; 17: 163-170.
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-0128
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: TÜBİTAK
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Changes in cell wall compositions and degradation kinetics of electron beam-irradiated sugarcane bagasse

Parvin SHAWRANG, Abbas MAJDABADI, Ali Asghar SADEGHI

Effects of canola meal on growth and digestion of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry

Nalan Özgür YİĞİT, Seval BAHADIR KOCA, Halit BAYRAK, Arife DULLUÇ, İbrahim DİLER

Changes in carbonic anhydrase activity and gene expression of Hsp70 in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) muscle after exposure to some metals

Hakan SÖYÜT, Şükrü BEYDEMİR, Saltuk Buğrahan CEYHUN

Fecal progesterone analysis for monitoring reproductive status in dairy goats

Amelia Miranda Morgiana JACK, Chao-Chin CHANG, Huo-Cheng PEH, Jacky Peng-Wen CHAN

Effect of Aloe-plus preparation supplement on hematological and immunological blood parameters and performance of turkey hens

Katarzyna OGNIK*, İwona SEMBRATOWICZ

Varroacidal efficacies of essential oils extracted from Lavandula officinalis, Foeniculum vulgare, and Laurus nobilis in naturally infested honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies

Figen KÜTÜKOĞLU, Ahmet Onur GİRİŞGİN, Levent AYDIN

Neuronal and extraneuronal lipofuscinosis in Merino sheep grazing Asphodelus aestivus seeds in western Turkey

Sümbül Serap BİRİNCİOĞLU, Wolfgang SCHMAHL, Hamdi AVCI

Prevalence and factors affecting the presence of Campylobacter spp. in broiler carcasses in Bulgaria

Hristo DASKALOV, Alexander MARAMSKI

Biotin affects the immune response of piglets inoculated with porcine circovirus type 2

Chen HONG, Zhang KEYING, Ding XUEMEI, Chen DAIWEN

Ectopic adrenal tissue in equine gonads: morphofunctional features

Gabriele MARINO*, Marco QUARTUCCIO, Simona RIZZO, Vittorio LO PRESTI, Antonina ZANGHI