Erhan ÖZENÇ, Mehmet Rıfat VURAL, Esra ŞEKER, Mehmet UÇAR

An Evaluation of Subclinical Mastitis During Lactation in Anatolian Buffaloes

Subclinical mastitis in Anatolian buffaloes (n = 71) in Afyon, Turkey was evaluated using 1637 milk samples collected monthly for 9 months. Tests applied to milk samples included the California Mastitis Test (CMT), somatic cell count (SCC), and bacteriological examination. The threshold limit for SCC was found as 130 × 103 cells/ml. Anatolian buffaloes are infected above this level and they are likely to be uninfected below this level. The highest rates of intramammary infection (IMI) per quarter (36.5%) and animal (69.1%) were encountered during the highest rainfall month of May. Candida spp., coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) and Staphylococcus aureus and mixed infections were isolated at the rate of 41.91%, 20.59%, and 16.91% of quarters, respectively. Quarters infected with S. aureus (9.7%) were associated with CMT scores >0 and elevated SCC. No significant increase in CMT scores >0 and elevated SCC were observed during the period in which the incidence of Candida spp. was high. However, CMT (-) milk samples were determined to display higher SCC in autumn months when compared to other seasons. The microbial isolation rates in CMT (-) and CMT (+) quarters during the first 4 months of lactation were determined to be higher in comparison to other stages of lactation. The most sensitive antibiotic was amoxycillin+clavulonic acid. As it has low numbers of infectious agents, bubaline milk is important for human welfare. However, higher infection rates were observed during rainy periods, during the first 4 months of lactation, after the 5th lactation, in late spring and early summer calvers, and in machine milked animals. In addition to SCC and CMT results, bacteriological examination could be carried out to identify mastitis.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aetiology, buffalo, California Mastitis Test, somatic cell count, subclinical mastitis

An Evaluation of Subclinical Mastitis During Lactation in Anatolian Buffaloes

Keywords:

Aetiology, buffalo, California Mastitis Test, somatic cell count, subclinical mastitis,

PDF

___

Koneman, E.W., Allen, S.D., Janda, W.M., Schreckenberger, P.C., Winn, W.C.: Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. 1997.
Quinn, P.J., Carter, M.E., Markey, B., Carter, G.R.: Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. Harcourt Publishers Limited, London. 1999.
Holth, J.G., Krieg, N.R., Sneath, P.H.A., Staley, J.T., Williams, S.T.: Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia. 2000.
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS).: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated from Animals. Approved Standard. 2ndedn., (NCCLS document M31-A2, Wayne, PA), 2002.
DMI.: T. C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı, Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Araştırma ve Bilgi İşlem Dairesi Başkanlığı, İstatistik ve Yayın Şube Müdürlüğü Verileri, Keçiören, Ankara Türkiye. 2005.
Paranjape, V.L., Das, A.M.: Mastitis among buffalo population of Bombay-A bacteriological report. Ind. Vet. J., 1986; 63: 438- 441.
İzgür, H.: Mastitise predispoze faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Mastitis Semineri No:1, Ankara. 1984.
Aksoy, M., Kaya, A., Uçar, M., Lehimcioglu, N., Tekeli, T.: Effect of seasonal conditions on oestrus occurrence and postpartum period in Anatolian water buffaloes. Dtsch. Tierararztl., Wochenschr., 2002; 109: 416-418.
Uçar, M., Kucukkebabci, M., Gundogan, M., Uguz, C., Saban, E.: Reproductive performance of Anatolian water buffaloes during postpartum period. Ind. Vet. J., 2004; 81: 784-786.
Uçar, M.: Effect of double antibiotic infusions on subclinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in dry period. PhD Dissertation. Selçuk University Institute of Health Sciences. Konya, Turkey. 1998.
Dhakal, I.P.: Normal somatic cell count and subclinical mastitis in Murrah buffaloes. J. Vet. Med. B. Infect. Dis. Vet. Public Health, 2006; 53: 81-86.
Berglund, I., Pettersson, G., Ostensson, K., Svennersten-Sjaunja, K.: Quarter milking for improved detection of increased SCC. Reprod. Domest. Anim., 2007; 42: 427-432.
Thomas, C.S.: Milking management of dairy buffaloes. PhD Thesis. Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala. 2004.
Kelly, A.L., Tiernan, D., O’Sullivan, C., Joyce, P.: Correlation between bovine milk somatic cell count and polymorphonuclear leukocyte level for samples of bulk milk and milk from individual cows. J. Dairy Sci., 2000; 83: 300-304.
Sargeant, J.M., Leslie, K.E., Shirley, J.E., Pulkrabek, B.J., Lim, G.H.: Sensitivity and specificity of somatic cell count and California Mastitis Test for identifying intramammary infection in early lactation. J. Dairy Sci., 2001; 84: 2018-2024.
Singh, M., Ludri, R.S.: Somatic cell counts in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during different stages of lactation, parity and season. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 2001; 14: 189-192.
Pankey, J.W., Pankey, P.B., Barker, R.M., Williamson, J.H., Woolford, M.W.: The prevalence of mastitis in primiparous heifers in eleven Waikato dairy herds. N. Z. Vet. J., 1996; 44: 41-44.
Barlett, P.C., Miller, G.Y., Anderson, C.R., Kirk, J.H.: Milk production and somatic cell count in Michigan dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci., 1990; 73: 2794-2800.