A retrospective study of cardiac hemangiosarcoma in dogs
Cardiac tumors account for a small proportion of all canine tumors, but hemangiosarcoma represents the most frequent cardiac tumor in many species. Hemangiosarcoma occur intrapericardially with pericardial effusion. In this case report, a retrospective study was conducted on 9 cases of canine hemangiosarcoma. In all the dogs the presence of a pericardial exudate was noted and in 5 cases it was the only lesion detected during the examination. All animals were subjected to necropsy and histopathology was performed in the heart, spleen, liver, kidney, and lung. In 5 cases the tumor was present exclusively in the atrial wall. In 4 cases it was present in the lumen of the right atrium. In 5 cases metastases were detected: in 2 cases to the lungs, in 2 cases to the spleen, and in a one case to the pericardium. The surgical procedure is difficult and may be effective in dogs in which no metastases have developed yet. In the remaining cases palliative therapy is the only option.
A retrospective study of cardiac hemangiosarcoma in dogs
Cardiac tumors account for a small proportion of all canine tumors, but hemangiosarcoma represents the most frequent cardiac tumor in many species. Hemangiosarcoma occur intrapericardially with pericardial effusion. In this case report, a retrospective study was conducted on 9 cases of canine hemangiosarcoma. In all the dogs the presence of a pericardial exudate was noted and in 5 cases it was the only lesion detected during the examination. All animals were subjected to necropsy and histopathology was performed in the heart, spleen, liver, kidney, and lung. In 5 cases the tumor was present exclusively in the atrial wall. In 4 cases it was present in the lumen of the right atrium. In 5 cases metastases were detected: in 2 cases to the lungs, in 2 cases to the spleen, and in a one case to the pericardium. The surgical procedure is difficult and may be effective in dogs in which no metastases have developed yet. In the remaining cases palliative therapy is the only option.
___
- Tamburini BA, Trapp S, Phang TL, Schappa JT, Hunter LE, Modiano JF. Gene expression profiles of sporadic canine hemangiosarcoma are uniquely associated with breed. PLOS One 2009; 20: 5549.
- Tamburini BA, Phang TL, Fosmire SP, Scott MC, Trapp SC, Duckett MM, Robinson SR, Slansky JE, Sharkey LC, Cutter GR et al. Gene expression profiling identifies inflammation and angiogenesis as distinguishing features of canine hemangiosarcoma. BMC Cancer 2010; 10: 619.
- Aupperle H, März I, Ellenberger C, Buschatz S, Reischauer A, Schoon HA. Primary and secondary heart tumours in dogs and cats. J Comp Pathol 2007; 136: 18–26.
- Merlo M, Bo S, Ratto A. Primary right atrium haemangiosarcoma in a cat. J Feline Med Surg 2002; 4: 61–64.
- Locke JE, Barber LG. Comparative aspects and clinical outcomes of canine renal hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2006; 20: 962–967.
- Brown NO, Patnaik AK, MacEwen EG. Canine hemangiosarcoma: retrospective analysis of 104 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985; 186: 56–58.
- Prymak C, McKee LJ, Goldschmidt MH, Glickman LT. Epidemiologic, clinical, pathologic, and prognostic characteristics of splenic hemangiosarcoma and splenic hematoma in dogs: 217 cases (1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1988; 193: 706–712.
- Holt D, Van Winkle T, Schelling C, Prymak C. Correlation between thoracic radiographs and postmortem findings in dogs with hemangiosarcoma: 77 cases (1984–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1992; 200: 1535–1539.
- Crumbaker DM, Rooney MB, Case J. Thoracoscopic subtotal pericardiectomy and right atrial mass resection in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010; 237: 551–554.
- Chun R, Kellihan HB, Henik RA, Stepien RL. Comparison of plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations among dogs with cardiac hemangiosarcoma, noncardiac hemangiosarcoma, other neoplasms, and pericardial effusion of nonhemangiosarcoma origin. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010; 237: 806–811.
- Hammer AS, Couto CG, Filppi J, Getzy D, Shank K. Efficacy and toxicity of VAC chemotherapy (vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide) in dogs with hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 1991; 5: 160–166.
- Ogilvie GK, Powers BE, Mallinckrodt CH, Withrow SJ. Surgery and doxorubicin in dogs with hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 1996; 10: 379–84.
- Kerstetter KK, Krahwinkel DJ Jr, Millis DL, Hahn K. Pericardiectomy in dogs: 22 cases (1978–1994). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997; 211: 736–740.