The comparison of the effects of intraarticular injections of bovine amniotic fluid and hyaluronic acid on cartilage tissue in an experimental osteoarthritic rabbit model: histopathological and immunohistochemical results
In this experimental study, effects of bovine amniotic fluid and hyaluronic acid were compared on an osteoarthritic model
induced in rabbit stifle joints. The study was performed on 21 rabbits undergoing anterior cruciate ligament transaction for establishing
osteoarthritis. Four weeks later, the rabbits were divided into 3 equal groups of 7 animals each. The first group of rabbits received
intraarticular injection of 0.5 mL of bovine amniotic fluid (BAF) three times at 1-week intervals. The second group of rabbits received
intraarticular injection of 0.5 mL of hyaluronic acid (HA) three times at 1-week intervals. The third group of rabbits served as a control
with no application. Articular surfaces of the femur and tibia were evaluated using the Mankin scoring system for histopathological
cartilage examination and were evaluated for immunohistochemical examination by using caspase-3, caspase-8, and MMP-13. All
statistical results showed that there were highly significant differences between the control group and the other groups. On the other
hand, there was no significant difference between the BAF and HA groups (P < 0.01). It was concluded that the use of BAF, which is an
inert fluid rich in growth factors, had protective effects against degenerative cartilage changes in an experimental rabbit model and can
be an alternative agent in cartilage protective therapy.
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