Mehmet Onur DEMİRKOL, Faruk ALAGÖL, Dilek YAZICI, Havva SEZER, Yersu KAPRAN

The clinicopathologic characteristics of familial and sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma in Turkish patients

compare them with sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma (sPTC) in Turkish patients. A retrospective analysis of the papillary thyroidcarcinoma (PTC) cases, with or without family history with a follow-up around 10 years was performed.Materials and methods: A series of patients with fPTC (82 fPTC families with 146 affected individuals) were compared with patients withsPTC (n = 112). The clinicopathologic features [(age, gender, histologic subtype, tumour size, bilaterality, multifocality, extrathyroidalextension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM)] and treatment procedures (lymph node dissection, radioactive iodine ablation), andthe outcomes like recurrences in the neck region, distant metastasis, and the need for reoperation were compared between the groups.Results: When the groups were compared, there was no significant difference in age (P = 0.449), and tumour size (P = 0.898) betweenfamilial and sporadic PTC patients. fPTC group had a significantly higher risk of male gender (P=0.001), bilaterality (P = 0.004),multifocality (P = 0.011), LNM (P = 0.013), ETE (P = 0.040), and distant metastasis (P ≤ 0.0001) than the sPTC group. However,recurrence rate was similar between the 2 groups (P = 0.436).Conclusion: The results of this study confirms a more aggressive nature in fPTC patients, in terms of bilaterality, multifocality, ETE,LNM, and distant metastasis, compared to sPTC patients in Turkish population.

PDF

___

1. Moses W, Weng J, Kebebew E. Prevalence, clinicopathologic features, and somatic genetic mutation profile in familial versus sporadic nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2011; 21 (4): 367- 371. doi: 10.1089/thy.2010.0256
2. Vriens MR, Suh I, Moses W, Kebebew E. Clinical features and genetic predisposition to hereditary nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2009; 19 (12): 1343-1349. doi: 10.1089/thy.2009.1607
3. Griffith CC, Seethala RR. Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer: an update on the genetic and pathologic features. Diagnostic Histopathology 2016; 22 (3): 101-107. doi: 10.1016/j. mpdhp.2016.02.005
4. Uchino S, Noguchi S, Kawamoto H, Yamashita H, Watanabe S et al. Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma characterized by multifocality and a high recurrence rate in a large study population. World Journal of Surgery 2002; 26 (8): 897-902. doi: 10.1007/s00268-002-6615-y
5. Charkes ND. On the prevalence of familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer in multiply affected kindreds. Thyroid 2006; 16 (2): 181- 186. doi: 10.1089/thy.2006.16.181
6. Robinson DW, Orr TG. Carcinoma of the thyroid and other diseases of the thyroid in identical twins. American Medical Association Archives of Surgery 1955; 70 (6): 923-928. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1955.01270120131015
7. Rowland KJ, Moley JF. Hereditary thyroid cancer syndromes and genetic testing. Journal of Surgical Oncology 2015; 111 (1): 51-60. doi: 10.1002/jso.23769
8. Zhang Q, Yang S, Meng XY, Chen G, Pang RZ. Clinical analysis of familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery 2016; 40 (3): 570-573. doi: 10.1007/s00268-015-3342-8
9. McDonald TJ, Driedger AA, Garcia BM, Van Uum SH, Rachinsky I et al. Familial papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective analysis. Journal of Oncology 2011; 2011 (Article ID 948786): 8 pages. doi: 10.1155/2011/948786
10. Tavarelli M, Russo M, Terranova R, Scollo C, Spadaro A et al. Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer represents an independent risk factor for increased cancer aggressiveness: a Retrospective analysis of 74 families. Frontiers in Endocrinology 2015; 6: 117. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00117
11. Lei S, Wang D, Ge J, Liu H, Zhao D et al. Single center study of familial papillary thyroid cancer in China: surgical considerations. World Journal of Surgery 2015; 13: 115. doi: 10.1186/s12957-015-0519-4
12. Lee YM, Yoon JH, Yi O, Sung TY, Chung TW et al. Familial history of nonmedullary thyroid cancer is an independent prognostic factor for tumor recurrence in younger patients with conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma. Journal of Surgical Oncology 2014; 109 (2): 168-173. doi: 10.1002/jso.23447
13. Mazeh H, Benavidez J, Poehls JL, Youngwirth L, Chen H et al. In patients with thyroid cancer of follicular cell origin, a family history of nonmedullary thyroid cancer in one first-degree relative is associated with more aggressive disease. Thyroid 2012; 22 (1): 3-8. doi: 10.1089/thy.2011.0192
14. Park YJ, Ahn HY, Choi HS, Kim KW, Park DJ et al. The long-term outcomes of the second generation of familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma are more aggressive than sporadic cases. Thyroid 2012; 22 (4): 356-362. doi: 10.1089/ thy.2011.0163
15. Sung TY, Lee YM, Yoon JH, Chung KW, Hong SJ. Surgical management of familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a single institution study of 94 cases. World Journal of Surgery 2015; 39 (8): 1930-1935. doi: 10.1007/s00268-015-3064-y
16. Zhang YB, Wang XX, Zhang XW, Li ZJ, Liu J et al. Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 117 families. Chinese Medical Journal 2018; 131 (4): 395-401. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.225054
17. Triponez F, Wong M, Sturgeon C, Caron N, Ginzinger DG et al. Does familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer adversely affect survival? World Journal of Surgery 2006; 30 (5): 787-793. doi: 10.1007/s00268-005-0398-x
18. Maxwell EL, Hall FT, Freeman JL. Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer: a matched-case control study. Laryngoscope 2004; 114 (12): 2182-2186. doi: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000149454.91005.65
19. Robenshtok E, Tzvetov G, Grozinsky-Glasberg S, Sharaga- Slutzky I, Weinstein R et al. Clinical characteristics and outcome of familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer: a retrospective controlled study. Thyroid 2011; 21 (1): 43-48. doi: 10.1089/thy.2009.0406
20. Vidinov K, Nikolova D. Familial papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective analysis in a sample of the Bulgarian population for a 10-Year period. Endocrine Pathology 2017; 28 (1): 54-59. doi: 10.1007/s12022-016-9456-1
21. Lee J, Song Y, Soh EY. Central lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Journal of Korean Medical Science 2014; 29 (1): 48-52. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.1.48
22. Ozdemir D, Dagdelen S, Kiratli P, Tuncel M, Erbas B et al. Changing clinical characteristics of thyroid carcinoma at a single center from Turkey: before and after Chernobyl disaster. Minerva Endocrinologica 2012; 37 (3): 267-274.
23. Ito Y, Kakudo K, Hirokawa M, Fukushima M, Yabuta T et al. Biological behavior and prognosis of familial papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery 2009; 145 (1): 100-105. doi: 10.1016/j. surg.2008.08.004
24. Capezzone M, Marchisotta S, Cantara S, Busonero G, Brilli L et al. Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma displays the features of clinical anticipation suggestive of distinct biological entity. Endocrine-Related Cancer 2008; 15 (4): 1075-1081. doi: 10.1677/ERC-08-0080
25. Kraimps JL, Bouin-Pineau MH, Amati P, Mothes D, Bonneau D et al. Familial papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Surgery 1997; 121 (6): 715-718. doi: 10.1016/S0039-6060(97)90063-5
26. Ito Y, Fukushima M, Yabuta T, Inoue H, Uruno T et al. Prevalence and prognosis of familial follicular thyroid carcinoma. Endocrine Journal 2008; 55 (5): 847-852. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.K08E-057
27. Nixon IJ, Suarez C, Simo R, Sanabria A, Angelos P et al. The impact of family history on nonmedullary thyroid cancer. European Journal of Surgical Oncology 2016; 42 (10): 1455- 1463. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.006
28. Rosario PW, Calsolari MR. Should a family history of papillary thyroid carcinoma indicate more aggressive therapy in patients with this tumor? Arquivas Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 2014; 58 (8): 812-816. doi: 10.1590/0004- 2730000003350
29. Navas-Carrillo D, Rios A, Rodriguez JM, Parrilla P, Orenes- Pinero E. Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer: screening, clinical, molecular and genetic finding. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2014; 1846 (2): 468-476. doi: 10.1016/j. bbcan.2014.09.002