Emmanuel NWANKWO, Imoru MOMODU, Ismaila UMAR, Babashani MUSA, Solomon ADELEKE

4319

Seroprevalence of major blood-borne infections among blood donors in Kano, Nigeria

To examine the seroprevalence of common blood infections among blood donors, which remains a major concern in transfusion medicine in Nigeria. Blood transfusion is one of the known therapeutic interventions that cut across a number of clinical disciplines. Materials and methods: The seroprevalences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and syphilis among 280 blood donors at the Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital (MMSH) were determined. The seroprevalences of the pathogens were determined with regard to age, sex, donor category, and occurrence of association pathogens. Between June and December 2008, 276 males (98.6%) and 4 females (1.4%), with an age range of 18-54 years, donated blood. Results: Tests showed that 54 (19.3%) donors had serological evidence of infection with at least one pathogen, while 8 (2.9%) had multiple infections. The seroprevalences of syphilis, HBsAg, HCV, and HIV were found to be 7.5%, 11.1%, 1.8%, and 1.4%, respectively, at the MMSH in Kano. The age group of 28-37 years had the highest rates of syphilis (8.7%), HBsAg (15.5%), and HIV (2.9%), while the age group of 18-27 years had the highest prevalence of HCV (2.5%). Conclusion: The high (19.3%) seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections in blood donated at the MMSH calls for comprehensive screening of blood donors for HBsAg, HCV, HIV, and syphilis using sensitive techniques and strict selection criteria of donors.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Seroprevalence, blood-borne infections, Kano

Seroprevalence of major blood-borne infections among blood donors in Kano, Nigeria

To examine the seroprevalence of common blood infections among blood donors, which remains a major concern in transfusion medicine in Nigeria. Blood transfusion is one of the known therapeutic interventions that cut across a number of clinical disciplines. Materials and methods: The seroprevalences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and syphilis among 280 blood donors at the Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital (MMSH) were determined. The seroprevalences of the pathogens were determined with regard to age, sex, donor category, and occurrence of association pathogens. Between June and December 2008, 276 males (98.6%) and 4 females (1.4%), with an age range of 18-54 years, donated blood. Results: Tests showed that 54 (19.3%) donors had serological evidence of infection with at least one pathogen, while 8 (2.9%) had multiple infections. The seroprevalences of syphilis, HBsAg, HCV, and HIV were found to be 7.5%, 11.1%, 1.8%, and 1.4%, respectively, at the MMSH in Kano. The age group of 28-37 years had the highest rates of syphilis (8.7%), HBsAg (15.5%), and HIV (2.9%), while the age group of 18-27 years had the highest prevalence of HCV (2.5%). Conclusion: The high (19.3%) seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections in blood donated at the MMSH calls for comprehensive screening of blood donors for HBsAg, HCV, HIV, and syphilis using sensitive techniques and strict selection criteria of donors.
Keywords:

Key words: Seroprevalence, blood-borne infections, Kano,

PDF

___

  • Damesyn MA, Glynn SA, Schraiber GB, Ownby HB, Bethel J, Friday J et al. Behavioral and infectious disease risks in young blood donors: implications for recruitment. Transfusion 2003; 43: 1596-603.
  • Fleming AF. HIV and blood transfusion in sub-Saharan Africa. Transfus Sci 1997; 18: 167-79.
  • Durosinmi MA, Oniyan FN, Adeodu OO. Blood transfusion related paediatric HIV/AIDS in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. AIDS CARE 2003; 15: 329-35.
  • Butashirili M, Tsertsvadze T, McNutt LA, Kamkamidze G, Gvetzade R, Badridze N. Prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and HIV in Georgian blood donors. Eur J Epidemiology 2001; 17: 639-95.
  • Mast EE, Hwang LY, Seto DS, Nolte FS, Nainan OV, Wurtzel H et al. Risk factors for perinatal transmission of HCV and the natural history of HCV infections acquired in infancy. J Infect Dis 2005; 192: 1880-9.
  • Alter MJ. Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection. J Hepatol 2006; 44: 56-9.
  • Drosten C, Nippraschk T, Manegold C, Meisel H, Brixner B, Roth WK et al. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus DNA in anti- HBc-positive/HBsAg-negative sera correlates with HCV but not HIV serostatus. J Clin Virol 2004; 29: 59-68.
  • Finlayson MDC, Hayes PC, Simpson KJ. Diseases of the liver and biliary systems: hepatitis. In: Haslett C, Chilvers ER, Hunter JAA, editors. Davidson’s principles and practice of medicine. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1999. p.706-15.
  • Chukwurah EF, Ogbodo SO, Obi GO. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection among blood donors in a South-Eastern State of Nigeria. Biomedical Research 2005; 16: 133-5.
  • Apurva AM, Jordan JF. Viral hepatitis and HIV in Africa. AIDS Reviews 2007; 9: 25-39.
  • Gupta N, Kumar V, Kaur A. Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis in voluntary blood donors. Indian J Med Sci 2004; 58: 255-6.
  • Dessie A, Abera B, Wale F. Seroprevalence of major blood- borne infections among blood donors at Felege Hiwot referral hospital, northwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Wealth Dev 2007; 21: 68-9.
  • Matee MIN, Magesa PM, Lymuya EF. Seroprevalence of human immunodefi ciency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and syphilis infections among blood donors at the Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Public Health 2006; 6: 21.
  • Uneke CJ, Ogbu O, Inyama PU, Anyanwu GI, Njoku MO, Idoko JH. Prevalence of hepatitis-B surface antigen among blood donors and human immunodefi ciency virus-infected patients in Jos, Nigeria. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2005; 100: 13-6.
  • Egah DZ, Mandong BM, Iya D, Gomwalk NE, Audu ES, Banwat EB et al. Hepatitis C virus antibodies among blood donors in Jos, Nigeria. Annals of African Medicine 2004; 3: 35-7.
  • Muktar HM, Suleiman AM, Jones M. Safety of blood transfusion: prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen in blood donors in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research 2005; 7: 290-2.
  • Ayolabi CL, Taiwo MA, Omilabu SA, Abebisi AO, Fatoba OM. Sero-prevalence of hepatitis C virus among donors in Lagos, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology 2006; 5: 1944-6.
  • Chikwem JO, Mohammed I, Okwara GC, Ukwandu NC, Ola TO. Prevalence of transmissible blood infections among blood donors at the University of Maiducuri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria. East African Medical Journal 1997; 74: 213-6.
  • Ejele O, Erhabor O, Nwauche C. Trends in the prevalence of some transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Haema 2005; 8: 273-7.
  • Narayan S. Microbes and blood transfusion. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2001; 19: 119-26.
  • Paramjit K, Basu S. Transfusion-transmissible infections: existing and emerging pathogens. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine 2005; 51: 146-51.
  • Boulware LE, Ranter LE, Ness PM, Cooper LA, Campbell-Lee S, LaVeist TA et al. Th e contribution of demographic, medical and attitudinal factors to blood donation among the general public. Transfusion 2002; 42: 669-78.
  • Furusyo N, Hayashi J, Kakuda K, Sawayama Y, Ariyama I, Eddie R et al. Markedly high seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in comparison to hepatitis C virus and human T lymphotropic virus type-1 infections in selected Solomon Islands populations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 61: 85-91.
  • Yenicesu I, Dilsiz G, Oztürk G. Reduction of hepatitis B seroprevalence in blood banking units by combined utilization of self-exclusion forms and clinical evaluation of blood donation candidates in Turkey. Trop Doct. 2008; 38: 112-3.
  • Grosskurth H, Mosha F, Todd J, Mwijarubi E, Klokke A, Senkoro K et al. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1995; 346: 530-6.
  • Schreiber GB, Busch MP, Kleinman SH, Korelitz JJ. Th e risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. N Engl J Med 1996; 1685-90.
  • Buciuniene I, Stoniene L, Blazeviciene A, Kazlauskaite R, Skudiene V. Blood donors’ motivation and attitude to non- remunerated blood donation in Lithuania. BMC Public Health 2006; 6: 166.
  • Kalibatas V. Payment for whole blood donations in Lithuania: the risk for infectious disease markers. Vox Sanguinis 2008; 94: 209-15.
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-0144
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: TÜBİTAK
Arşiv
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Farklı iki doz asetilsalisilik asidin sağlıklı gönüllülerde serum nitrik oksit, asimetrik dimetilarjinin ve homosistein seviyelerine etkileri

Sevil KURBAN, İdris MEHMETOĞLU

Hipotansiyon insidansı üzerine etkiler: sezaryen için spinal anestezide hiperbarik, isobarik bupivakain ve kombinasyonları

Işıl TURAN ÖZKOÇAK, İnan İlker ARIKAN, Hilal AYOĞLU, Bülent Serhan YURTLU, Rahşan Dilek OKYAY, Gülay KAYHAN ERDOĞAN, Volkan HANCI, Sedat HAKİMOĞLU, Ülkü BAYAR, Selime Evrim BOSTANKOLU

Thoracic epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine attenuates systemic inflammatory response and lung impairment associated with cerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats

Ömer KURTİPEK, Mustafa KAVUTÇU, Nalan AKYÜREK, Nurdan BEDİRLİ, Aslıhan BAYRAKTAR ÇAVUNT, Melek YAMAN, Bahadır KÖSEM

Ovariectomy decreases biomechanical quality of skin via oxidative stress in rat

Mehmet BERKÖZ, Ebru BALLI, Serap YALIN, Ülkü ÇÖMELEKOĞLU

The effect of soya bean meal on tibial articular cartilage growth in mice after suckling period: a histomorphometric and biochemical study

Zahra TOOTIAN, Simin FAZELIPOUR, Seyed Babak KIAEI, Amir Hossein EGHTESAD

Therapeutic effects of Mycobacterium phlei cell wall extracts

Mehmet Selçuk KESKİN, Esra BÜBER, Ömür ÇELİKBIÇAK, Bağnu ORHAN, Abdurrahim Haluk ÖZEN, Naciye Leyla AÇAN, Zeynep SARIBAŞ, Alpaslan ALP, Bekir SALİH

The evaluation of the results of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with gastric cancer: results from a single center in eastern Anatolia

Mehmet BİLİCİ, Hilal ÖZMEN KIZILTUNÇ, Mustafa KANDAZ, Salim Başol TEKİN, Kerim ÇAYIR, Mustafa Vecdi ERTEKİN

The epidemiologic characteristics of patients that underwent surgery for hip fracture

Selim Yavuz SANİSOĞLU, Serhan ÜNLÜ, Alper DEVECİ, Emrah SAYIT, Birol TUNÇ, Mehmet UĞURLU, Serdar YILMAZ, Yusuf ÜSTÜ

Crataegus orientalis yapraklarının etanol ekstresinin antinosiseptif, anti-infl amatuvar ve antioksidan etkileri

Zeynep BOR, Rana ARSLAN, Nurcan BEKTAŞ, Sevda PIRILDAR, Ali Aslan DÖNMEZ

Determination of changes in the basal metabolic rate and body composition of patients with chronic active and inactive hepatitis B infection using bioelectrical impedance analysis

Cemil SERT, Gökhan UNUTMAZ, Süda KORUK TEKİN