Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation is being carried out for rapidly increasing numbers of patients. Survival probabilities have increased progressively, and most patients return to productive lives. However, delayed complications do occur. Here, we review the incidence and spectrum of post-transplant malignancies, discuss risk factors and mechanisms, and assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.

Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation is being carried out for rapidly increasing numbers of patients. Survival probabilities have increased progressively, and most patients return to productive lives. However, delayed complications do occur. Here, we review the incidence and spectrum of post-transplant malignancies, discuss risk factors and mechanisms, and assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.