Bedri BEYDEMİR, Mehmet DALKIZ, Jülide ÖZEN, Ali Uğur URAL

Influence of dental alloys and all-ceramic material on cell viability and interleukin-1 beta release in a three-dimensional cell culture model

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of various types of dental casting alloys and ceramic upon cell viability and the synthesis of IL-1beta ($beta$) in a three-dimensional cell culture system consisting of human gingival fibroblast, and to determine their effect in gingival inflammation. Au-Pt-In alloy (Pontostar), Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (Remanium-CS), a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), copper (Cu), and an all ceramic (In-Ceram) were used as test materials. The materials were exposed to a three dimensional cell culture in order to determine their effect on cell viability and IL-1 $beta$ secretion level. Cell viability was measured by MTT test after exposure for 24h and 48h. For IL-1 $beta$ measurement, assay aliquots were taken from exposed media after 1h, 3h, 7h, 24h and 48h. Assays for IL-1 $beta$ were carried out by ELISA. In-Ceram, Pontostar and Ti-6Al-4V alloy did not influence cell viability. Copper (52-64%), and Remanium CS (17-20%) were found to be cytotoxic, compared to control cultures. In-Ceram, Pontostar and Ti-6Al-4V had no significant influence on IL-1 $beta$ secretion. Remanium-CS increased IL-1($beta$) levels two fold compared to untreated control cultures. Our findings suggested that Ti-6Al-4V, In-Ceram and Pontostar did not cause elevated IL-1 $beta$ release from cells at non-toxic levels. On the other hand, Remanium-CS showed moderate toxicity and caused increase in IL-1$beta$ levels.

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