Acute effect of speed exercise on nitric oxide (NO) level of footballers

Aim: Exercise is one of the low-cost and easiest ways for improving life standards and physical fitness, and reducing body stress. Nitric oxide (NO) is defined as the ''surprising soldier mediator'' of biological systems. NO is one of the relaxation factors coming from the vascular endothelium. This relaxation in smooth muscles leads to vasodilatation in veins. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acute effect of 20-meter sprints of footballers on NO levels. Materials and Methods: 22 footballers with an age range of 18-32 were voluntarily enrolled in the study. The heights and weights of the subjects were measured. Speed measures were taken with a photocell system. The 20-meter sprint was repeated for 10 times. Blood samples were taken before and immediately after the sprint. For statistical analysis paired t test was used. Results: The mean age, height, and weight of the footballers included in the study were 24.21 ± 3.41 years, 173 ± 7.04 cm, and 67.85 ± 5.17 kg, respectively. The mean NO values were 21.45 ± 2.08 immediately after the exercise and 25.59 ± 1.59 before the exercise (mean ± SD). This decrease in the NO level after the exercise, compared to before, were not statistically meaningful (P = 0.052). Conclusions: The fact that the exercise was short-term yet with maximal load and negative developments occurred within the body may have highlighted the oxidative damage. The NO defence used against this damage may have decreased the values.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Nitric oxide, speed exercise, footballer

Acute effect of speed exercise on nitric oxide (NO) level of footballers

Keywords:

Nitric oxide, speed exercise, footballer,

PDF

___

Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite and [‘5N]nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 1982;126:131-8.
Schmidt HHHW, Warner TD, Nakane M, Forstermann U, Murad F. Regulation and subcellular location of nitrogen oxide synthases in RAW264.7 macrophages. Mol Pharmacol 1992;41: 615-24.
Dinçer C, Kayserilioğlu A. Egzersizde oluşan lipit peroksidasyonu ve E vitamninin koruyucu etkisi. Spor ve Tıp 1995; 7:20-23.
Duncan K, Harris S, Ardies CM: Running exercise may reduce risk for lung and liver cancer by including activity of antioxidant and phase II enzymes. Cancer Lett 1997; 116;151- 158.
Moncada S, Higgs A, Furchgott R: XIV. International Union of Pharmacology Nomencaluture in Nitric Oxide Research. Pharmacol Rev 1997; 49(2);137-141.
Xia Y, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Synder SH, Zureier JL: Nitric Oxide Synthase Generates Superoxide and Nitric Oxide in Argininedepletet Cells leading to Proxynitrit-mediated Cellular Injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1996; 93: 6770-6774.
Traverse JH, Wank YL, Ruısheng D, Nelson D, Lindstorm P, Archer LS, Gong G, Bache JR. Coranary no production in response to exercise and entothelium dependent agaonis Ciculationt 2000; 101: 2526-2531.
Yamamoto K., Kondo T, Kimata A, Ueyama J, Shirotori A, Okada Y, Sakui D, Hakashlima M, and Yamada S.: Lack Of Effect of Aerobic Physical Exercise on Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Concentrations in Healthy Young Subjects, Nagoya J Med Sci 2007; 69, 167-172.
Keçetepen L O., Dursun N, Effects of Exercise on Plasma Leptin Concentrations and Relation of Leptin to Respiratory, Cardiovascular Parameters, Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi (Journal Of Health Sciences), 2006; 15 (1) 1-7.
Radak Z, Pucsok S, Mecseki T, Ferdinandy P. Muscle Sorenesinduced reduction in force generation is accomppanied by increased nitric oxide content and DNA damage in skeletal muscle. Free rad. Biol. Med. 1999; 26:1059- 1063.
Cuzzolın L. Lussıgnolı S. Crıvellente F. Adamı A. Schena F. Bellavıte P. Brocco G. Benonı G. Influence of an acuteexercise onneutrophil and platelet adhesion, nitric oxide plasma metabolites in inactive and active subjects. Int J Sports Med. 2000; 21(4): 289-93.
Christopher K, Dyke, David N. Proctor, Niki M. Dietz and Michael. Joyner. Role of nitric oxide in exercise hyperaemia during prolonged rhythmic handgripping in humans. Journel of Physiol. 1995; 259-265.
Frank A, Dinenno, Micheal J Joyner. Blunte sympathhetic vasoconstriction in contracting skeletal muscle of healthy humans: is nitric oxide obligatory. J physiology 2003; 553, 281-292.
Jungersten L, Ambring A, Wall B and Wennmalm A. Both physical fitness and acute exercise regulate nitric oxide formation in healthy humans. J Appl Physiol. 1997; 82: 760- 764.