YILMAZ ÇİFTCİ, Oğuzhan EROĞLU, Şirin FİRİDİN

Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variation in three sturgeon species (A. stellatus Pallas, 1771, A. gueldenstaedtii Brandt, 1833, H. huso Linnaeus, 1758) from the Black Sea coasts of Turkey

Mersin balıklarının Tethis Denizi kökenli olduğu ve farklılaşma merkezinin Karadeniz olduğu dü şünüldüğünde Türkiye çok önemli bir yere sahiptir. Karadeniz’deki mersin balığı türleri hakkında yapılmış çalışmalar bulunmasına rağmen Türkiye kıyılarından örnekleme yapılmamıştır. 2005-2007 yılları arasında Türkiye kıyılarından örneklenen 3 türe ait (Acipenser stellatus, A. gueldenstaedtii, H. huso) 28 örnekte Cyt-b geni (1141bp) sekans verilerinden genetik mesafeler ve filogenetik dendogramlar oluşturulmuş ve kladistik analizler yapılmıştır. Cyt-b geninde 19 haplotip ve %81,8-96,4 arasında değişen haplotip çeşitliliği belirlenmiştir. A+T oranı tüm türler için %52,6 ile 53,8 arasında bulunmuştur. Ti/Tv oranı A. gueldenstaedtii’de (9:1), A. stellatus’ta (7:2) ve Huso huso için (6:0) olarak bulunmuştur. Nükleotid çeşitlili ği ve nükleotid farklılığının sırasıyla %0,167-%0,378 ve 1,89–4,2 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Türler arası mesafe Kimura-2 parametresine göre hesaplanmıştır (%1,258–5,288). Filogenetik ağaçlar sonucunda %100’lük seç-bağla değeri ile türler ayrılmıştır. A. gueldenstaedtii örneklerinin hepsi Karadeniz soy grubu içerisinde yer aldığı ve 2 farklı gruba (A ve B) ayrıldığı belirlenmiştir. Benzer olarak A. stellatus örneklerinin de 2 gruba ayrıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşın, H. huso örneklerinde ayrılma görülmemiştir.

Karadeniz’in Türkiye kıyılarında dağılım gösteren üç Mersin balığı türünün (Acipenser stellatus, acipenser gueldenstaedtii, Huso huso) mitokondriyal sitokrom b sekans varyasyonu

It has been assumed that sturgeons originated in the Tethys Sea, and the Black Sea is their most important diversification center. Hence Turkey has had a significant place throughout history. Although there are some genetic studies about sturgeon species that inhabit the Black Sea, these studies have not included samples from Turkey. In this study, the phylogenetic relationship, cladistic positions, and genetic variations were determined from the Cyt-b (1141bp) mtDNA of 3 sturgeon species (n = 28), collected from Turkish coast of the Black Sea between 2005 and 2007. Nineteen haplotypes, and haplotype diversity ranging from 81.8% to 96.4%, were detected from Cyt-b sequences. Studied A+T rates were found between 52.6 and 53.8% for all species. Ti/Tv rates were estimated for each species: A. gueldenstaedtii (9:1), A. stellatus (7:2), and H. huso (6:0). Nucleotide diversity and nucleotide differences calculated for three species varied from 0.167- 0.378% and 1.89-4.2, respectively. Genetic distances were calculated (1.258-5.288%). Each species was separated by phylogenetic reconstruction with a high bootstrap value (100%). All A. gueldenstaedtii samples replaced in the Black Sea Lineage Group and were separated into 2 clades (A and B). Similarly, A. stellatus samples were separated into 2 clades, but H. huso samples were not separated.

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