ADEM YAVUZ SÖNMEZ, İLHAN AYDIN, Olcay HİSAR, Hasan KAYA, Şükriye HİSAR ARAS

Melatonin Implantation in Preovulatory Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under Short Photoperiod Regime Reduces Egg Quality

Diğer tüm omurgalılarda olduğu gibi, alabalıklarda da pineal organ; üremeyi de içeren günlük ve mevsimsel davranışsal ve fiziksel olayları düzenleyen özelleşmiş foto-reseptör hücreler vasıtasıyla ışığa ait bilgiyi doğrudan alır. Bu çalışmada, ovulasyon öncesi melatonin implantasyonunun (yavaş salınan melatonin implant, 9 mg melatonin hormonu (MH) içeren ve canlı ağırlığa 3-4 mg/kg gelecek şekilde veya melatonin içermeyen (sahte) implant) farklı ışıklandırma rejimi (sürekli kısa fotoperiyot (KF) 6 saat ışık/18 saat karanlık, ya da normal fotoperiyot 9 saat gündüz/15 saat gece (NF)) uygulanan ergin gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) yumurta kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Melatonin implanti yapılan balıklar, uygulama sonrası 45 gün boyunca yüksek plazma MH konsantrasyonuna sahiptiler. Tüm gruplarda yumurta dökme periyodu aynı zamanda başlamasına rağmen NF grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında sadece KF ışıklandırma rejime tabi tutulan ya da KF ve melatonin implantı uygulanan gruplarda; düşük kuluçka oranı ve ilk yem alımına kadar geçen süredeki yaşama oranı ile karakterize edilen düşük kuluçka kalitesi gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; ovulasyon öncesi gökkuşağı alabalık dişilerine uygulanan melatonin implantasyonunun yumurta kalitesini düşürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Fakat bununla birlikte, gökkuşağı alabalıklarına uygulanması gereken en uygun MH konsantrasyonunun ve implant uygulama zamanının belirlenmesi ile ilgili araştırmalar yapılmalıdır.

Kısa Fotoperiyot Rejimi Altında Ovulasyon Öncesi Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarına (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Yapılan Melatonin Implantasyonu Yumurta Kalitesini Düşürür

As in other vertebrates, the pineal organ in salmonids receives photic information directly through specialized photoreceptor cells to synchronize both daily and seasonal behavioral and physiological events, including the reproductive. In this study, the effect of a melatonin implantation before the preovulatory period on egg quality was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) adults. Fish were exposed to two different lighting regimes [(constant short photoperiod (SP) of 6h light/18h dark) or natural photoperiod (NP) of 9h light/ 15h dark) with sub groups receiving a slow-release melatonin implant ((containing 9 mg melatonin hormone (MLT)) or sham implant. Melatonin implanted fish showed supra- physiological plasma MLT concentration during the 45 days after implantation. The spawning period started at the same time in all groups after implantation, although eggs were obtained from females exposed to SP lighting regimes only or SP lighting regimes plus implanted MLT exhibited significantly lower quality characterized by lower hatching rate and survival to first feeding than that of females expose to NP. In conclusion, it was determined that implantation of MLT in preovulatory rainbow trout females causes a decrease in egg quality. However, future investigations should be conducted to ascertain the MLT dose required for and time of implantation in rainbow trout.

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