Ekrem Şanver ÇELİK, Hasan KAYA, SEVDAN YILMAZ

Effects of phosalone on mineral contents and spinal deformities in common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L.1758)

Bu çalışmada, sazan (Cyprinus carpio, L.1758) balığının bazı mineral içerikleri, morfolojik anormallikleri ve omurga deformasyonu üzerine phosalone’nin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Balıklar 0,15, 0,30 ve 0,60 mg $L^{-1}$ phosalone konsantrasyonlarına semi-statik olarak 14 gün boyunca maruz bırakılmıştır. Çalışma kontrol grubu ve phosalone konsantrasyonları için üç tekerürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Deneme sonunda 0,30 ve 0,60 mg $L^{-1}$ phosalone konsantrasyonlarına maruz bırakılan balıklarda anormal yüzme ve letarji görülmüştür. Morfolojik anormallik yüzdesi, kontrol ve phosalone maruz bırakılan gruplarda (0, 0,15, 0,30 ve 0,60 mg $L^{-1}$) sırasıyla %0, %0, %35,33 ve %65,00 olarak bulunmuştur. Direk radyografiye bakıldığında 0,30 mg $L^{-1}$ konsantrasyona maruz bırakılan balıklarda thoral omurga kifozunda azalma ve kaudal omurgada lordotik anormallik tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, 0,60 mg $L^{-1}$ grubunda omurganın thoraco-abdominal birleşme yerinde deformasyon ve kaudal bölgede lordotik eğimde azalma görülmüştür. Balığın omurga dokusundaki kalsiyum ve potasyum seviyeleri 0,30 ve 0,60 mg $L^{-1}$ phosalone konsantrasyonlarında önemli oranda azalmıştır. Omurga dokusundaki sodyum miktarı tüm phosalone konsantrasyonlarında, magnezyum ise 0,60 mg $L^{-1}$ konsantrasyonunda önemli derecede azalmıştır. Phosalone kirliliği sucul ekosistemde omurga deformasyonlarını da içeren çeşitli olumsuz etkilere neden olabilir. Bundan dolayı phosalone, sucul ekosistemde kabul edilebilir değerlerin altında tutulmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

morfolojik özellikler, mineral madde içeriği, fosalon, radyografi, toksisite, sazan balığı, anormallikler, omurga hastalıkları

Sazan balığı (Cyprinus carpio, L.1758)’nda spinal anormallikler ve mineral içeriği üzerine phosalone’un etkisi

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosalone on some mineral contents, morphological abnormalities and spinal deformities in common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L.1758). Fish were exposed to 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 mg $L^{-1}$ of phosalone using a semi-static exposure regime for 14 days. Experiments were conducted in triplicate for control treatments and phosalone concentrations. At the end of the experiment, abnormal swimming and lethargy was observed in fish exposed to 0.30 and 0.60 mg $L^{-1}$ phosalone concentrations. The percentage morphological abnormalities of the control and phosalone treatment groups (0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 mg $L^{-1}$) were 0%, 0%, 35.33% and 65.00%, respectively. In direct radiography, a decrease in kyphosis at the thoral spine and a lordotic anomaly at the caudal spine were detected in fish exposed to the 0.30 mg $L^{-1}$. In addition, deformity at the thoraco-abdominal junction of the spine and decreased lordotic curvature in the caudal region in the treatment group of 0.60 mg $L^{-1}$ were observed. Calcium and potassium levels in the spinal tissue of fish significantly decreased in the 0.30 and 0.60 mg $L^{-1}$ phosalone concentrations. While sodium concentration in the spinal tissue significantly decreased in all the phosalone-treatment groups, magnesium was significantly reduced only in the 0.60 mg $L^{-1}$ phosalone concentration group. Phosalone pollution may cause various ill effects on aquatic ecosystem, including spinal deformities. Therefore, it has to be kept under acceptable concentrations in aquatic environment.

Keywords:

morphological properties, mineral content, phosalone, radiography, toxicity, carp, abnormalities, spinal diseases,

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