Hüseyin SEVGİLİ, Belgin HOŞSU, YILMAZ EMRE, MAhir KANYILMAZ

Effect of various lengths of single phase starvation on compensatory growth in rainbow trout under summer conditions (oncorhynchus mykiss)

Bu araştırma, farklı uzunlukta açlık sürelerinin yaz koşullarında (18.1°C su sıcaklığı ve 12.5-14.5 saat gün uzunluğu) gökkuşağı alabalığında telafi büyümesi (TB) üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Üç tekerrürlü 5 grup, kontrol (K, 84 gün boyunca doyana kadar yemleme), bir (A1), iki (A2), üç (A3) ve dört (A4) hafta açlık ve ardından sekiz hafta doyana kadar yemlenen gruplardan oluşmuştur. Açlık süreleri yeniden besleme aşmasında yüksek iştaha neden olmuş, ancak sadece A1 ve A2 grupları Kı yakalayabilmişlerdir. Tekrarlı ANOVA yapısal değil, vücut kitlesi bakımından gruplar arasında bir birleşmeyi işaret etmiştir. Aç bırakılan grupların organ-vücut indeksleri kontrole göre önemli derecede düşmüş, fakat yeniden beslemeye başlandıktan iki hafta sonra kontrol grubu seviyesine kavuşmuştur. Genel olarak bir haftadan uzun açlık süreleri kuru madde, lipit ve enerji sindirilebilirliğini kontrole göre önemli derecede düşürmüş, protein ve kül sindirimini etkilememiş; düşen sindirim değerleri yemleye başladıktan sonra iki hafta içinde kontrol düzeyine erişmiştir. Açlık şiddeti ile vücut nem düzeyinde doğrusal bir artış, lipit ve lipit/yağsız vücut kitlesi oranında ise doğrusal bir düşme olmuş, fakat bu farklılıklar deneme sonunda büyük çapta kaybolmuştur. Açlık protein sentez oranını (kas ve karaciğer RNA/DNA oranı) düşürmüş, yemleme aşamasında ise önceden açlığa maruz kalanlarda (özellikle uzun sürelilerde) arttırmıştır. Bu araştırmanın bulguları, yaz koşullarında açlık ve ardından TB bir yetiştiricilik yönetim aracı kullanılacak ise, açlığın iki haftayı geçmemesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Yaz koşullarında tek fazlı farklı uzunlukta açlık sürelerinin gökkuşağı alabalığında (oncorhynchus mykiss) telafi büyümesine etkisi

This study was conducted to determine the effects of various lengths of starvation periods on following compensatory growth (CG) in rainbow trout under summer conditions (18.1°C and day length of 12.5-14.5 hours). Five treatments with triplicate tanks were as follows: control (C) fed to satiation over 84 days; one (S1), two (S2), three (S3), and four (S4) weeks of starvation; and then refeeding for the remaining eight weeks of the experiment. Starvation periods induced hyperphagia during refeeding but only S1 and S2 were able to catch up with C. Repeated measures of analysis of variance suggested a convergence in body mass but not in body length (structure). Organo-somatic indices of the starvation groups were significantly reduced at the end of starvation periods and restored to levels of the control fish within the first two weeks of the refeeding period. Broadly speaking, starvation longer than one week significantly reduced apparent digestibility of dry matter, lipid, and energy compared with the control group but did not affect protein and ash, and a complete recovery in the digestibility coefficients occurred within two weeks of satiation feeding. There was a linear increase in body moisture and a decrease in lipid and lipid/lean body mass ratio with the severity of starvation periods, but these divergences largely disappeared at the end of refeeding. During the starvation period, the protein synthesis rate (estimated using RNA/DNA ratio in the muscle and liver) reduced but in subsequent refeeding period, it increased in starved fish. The findings of the present experiment suggest that an application of single starvation episodes to elicit CG as a management tool in summer conditions should not be longer than two weeks.

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