Shiro HARA, Mustafa OZONGUN, Erdinç GUNES, Binnur CEYLAN

Broodstock rearing and spawning of Black Sea turbot, Psetta maxima

Broodstock development and induction of spawning of Black Sea turbot, Psetta maxima has been conducted between 1998 and 2001 in the Central Fisheries Research Institute, Trabzon, Turkey. One of the environmental and feeding conditions evident in broodstock management is the optimum water temperature below 17°C which is the present culture condition at the Institute. Likewise, frozen whiting is considered to be a good broodstock diet from the viewpoint of nu-tritional and ecological aspects. Growth of hatchery-bred broodstock fed this diet is shown as the relationship of body weight to age (month) represented as an equation of: y = 0.072 x + 0.164 ($R^2$ = 0.998).Natural spawning was observed for 2-year-old hatchery-bred stock at water temperature of 14°C, however, no spawning was observed by the same broodstock at 3-years of age. On the other hand, induction of spawning for wild-caught broodstock were established through hormonal treatment.A total of 78 artificial inseminations for 61 wild-caught females were carried out between 1998 and 2001spawning season (April and May). An average yearly production of 1.96 million newly hatched larvae was recorded with an average fertilization rate of 39.5% and a mean hatching rate of 32.5%.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

larva, kalkan balığı, yumurta bırakmak, balık yumurtası, Karadeniz

PDF

___

Amaoka, K., Yoseda, K., Sahin, T., Üstündag, C. and Ciftci, Y. 2001. Flatfishes (Order: Pleuronectiformes) Found in Black Sea and its Adjacent Waters. Special publication No.1, Central Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Trabzon, Turkey. 27 pp.

Fauvel, C., Omnes, M.H., Suquet, M. and Normant, Y. 1992. Enhancement of the production of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), larvae by controlling overripening in mature females. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 23:209-216.

Hara, S., Güneş, E. and Özongun, M. 1998a. Spawning of the Black Sea turbot Psetta maeotica (Pallas), with special reference to egg development. Oral presentation with English abstract. The First International Symposium on Fisheries and Ecology, 2- 4 Sept. 1998, Karadeniz Tech. Univ., Trabzon, Turkey.

Hara, S., Güneş, E. and Özongun, M. 1998b. Effective extender for the Black Sea turbot Psetta maeotica (Pallas), sperm preservation. Oral presentation with English abstract. The First International Symposium on Fisheries and Ecology, 2-4 Sept. 1998, Karadeniz Tech. Univ., Trabzon, Turkey.

Imsland, A.K., Folkvord, A., Jonsdottir, O.D.B. and Stefasson, S.O. 1997a. Effects of exposure to extended photoperiods during the first winter on long- term growth and age at first maturity in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Aquaculture 159: 125-141.

Imsland, A., K., Folkvord, A., Grung, G.L, Stefasson, S.O. and Taranger, G.L. 1997b. Sexual dimorphism in growth and maturation of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (Rafinesque, 1810). Aquaculture Research, 28: 101-114.

Khanaichenko, A. N., Bitukova, Y.E. and Tkachenko, N.K. 1994. Experiment in rearing endemic Black Sea turbot larvae, P. Lavens, and R.A.M. Remmerswaal, (Eds). Turbot Culture: Problems and Prospects. European Aquaculture Society, Special Pub. No. 22, Gent, Belgium.

Kohno, H., Moteki, M., Yoseda, K., Sahin, T. and Üstündag, C. 2001. Development of swimming and feeding functions in larval turbot, Psetta maxima, reared in the laboratory. Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1: 7-15.

Moteki, M., Yoseda. K., Sahin, T., Ustundag, C. and Kohno, H. 2001. Transition from endogenous to exogenous nutritional sources in larval Black Sea turbot Psetta maxima. Fish. Sci., 67: 571-578.

Paulsen, H. 1989. Current status of turbot culture. World Aquaculture, 20 (3): 49-57.

Spectorova, L.V. and Doroshev, S.I. 1976. Experiments on the artificial rearing of the Black Sea turbot (Scophthalmus maeoticus maeoticus). Aquaculture, 9: 275-286.

Suzuki, N., Kondo, M., Günes, E., Özongun, M. and Ohno, A. 2001. Age and growth of turbot Psetta maxima in the Black Sea, Turkey. Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1: 47-55.

Zengin, M. 2000. The biology and population parameters of the turbot (Scophthalmus maeoticus, Pallas, 1811) in the Turkish coast of the Eastern Black Sea. Ph.D. Dissertation, Trabzon, Karadeniz Tech. Univ.