Hanife MUT, Ugur BASARAN, Erdem GULUMSER, Medine COPUR DOGRUSOZ

HAY YIELD AND QUALITY OF INTERCROPPED SORGHUM-SUDAN GRASS HYBRID AND LEGUMES WITH DIFFERENT SEED RATIO

In this study, sorghum-sudangrass hybrid ‘Aneto’ and legumes (soybean and cowpea) intercropping at different seed rates (100:100; 50:100, 100:50) were examined for hay yield, protein content, protein yield, relative feed value (RFV) and mineral content (P, K, Mg, Ca) in 2013 and 2014. As legume Yesilsoy (Syes) and Yemsoy (Syem) verieties of soybean and Ulkem (C) varietiy of cowpea were used. Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid x legume intercropping produced higher hay and protein yield compare to their monocrops. RFV of hay also exalted with intercropping copmpare to alone sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (S). Over the years, the highest hay yield was obtained from S intercropped with Syes at 100:100 (21.61 t ha-1), 100:50 (20.68 t ha-1) seed rates and with C at 50:100 (20.40 t ha-1) seed rate. Protein yield was the highest in 100S:100Syes tratment in 2013 (2.16 t ha-1), 2014 (2.85 t ha-1) and combined years (2.50 t ha-1). However, S intercropping with C at 100:100, 50:100 (in 2013) and at 50:100 (in 2014) seed rates were at par with 100S:100Syes. This study indicated that seed rate and species or variety selection extremly important in mixture cropping. Thus, generally sorghum-sudangrass hybrid and ‘Yesilsoy’ variety of soybean at 100:100 seed rate exhibited the best results in regarding hay and protein yield in the present conditions

PDF

___

Adeniyan, O. N., O.A. Aluko, S.O. Olanipekun, J.O. Olasoji and V.O. Aduramigba-Modupe. 2014. Growth and yield performance of cassava/maize ıntercrop under different plant population density of maize. J. of Agricultural Sci. 6(8): 35- 40.
Ahmad, A., A. Riaz, M. Naeem and A. Tanveer. 2007. Performance of forage sorghum intercropped with forage legumes under different planting patterns. Pakistan J. Bot. 39(2): 431-439.
Albayrak, S. and H. Ekiz. 2005. An investigation on the establishment of artificial pasture under Ankara’s ecological conditions. Turk J. Agric For. 29: 69–74.
Asci, O.O., Z. Acar and Y.K. Arıcı. 2015. Hay yield, quality traits and interspecies competition of forage pea-triticale mixtures harvested at different stages. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 20(2):166-173.
Ayan, I., H. Mut, U. Basaran, Z. Acar, O. Onal Asci. 2012. Forage potential of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17(2):135-138.
Ball, D.M., C.S. Hoveland and G.D. Lacefield. 2007. Southern Forages. 4th ed. International Plant Nutrition Institute, Norcross, GA.
Cecen, S., M. Oten and C. Erdurmus. 2005. Assesment of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense L.) and Corn (Zea mays L.) as Second Crop in the Coastal Region of West Mediterranean Belt of Turkey. J. of Agriculture Faculty of Akdeniz Univ. 18(3): 337-341.
Egbe, O.M. 2005. Evaluation of some agronomic potentials of pigeonpea genotypes for intercropping with maize and sorghum in Southern Guinea Savanna. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.
Ennin, S.A., M.D. Clegg and C.A. Francis. 2002. Resource utilisation in soybean/maize intercrops. African Crop Science J. 10(3): 251-261.
Eskandari, H., A. Ghanbari and A. Javanmard. 2009. Intercropping of cereals and legumes for forage production. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 1:7-13.
Francis, C.A. 1989. Biological efficiencies in multiple cropping systems. Advance in Agronomy. 42:1-42.
Fribourg, H.A. 1995. Summer annual grasses. In An Introduction to Grassland Agriculture edited by Barnes, R.F., Miller, D.A. & Nelson, C.J. Forages, Vol. I, Ames Iowa: Iowa State University Press. pp. 463-472
Gebrehiwot, L., R.L. McGrow and G. Assefu. 1996. Forage yield and quality profile of three annual legumes in the tropical highlands of Ethiopia. J. of Agriculture. 73:83-98.
Geren, H. and Y.T. Kavut. 2009. An investigation on comparison of Sorghum (Sorghum sp.) species with corn (Zea mays L.) grown under second crop production. J. of Agriculture Faculty of Ege Univ. 46(1):9-16.
Ghanbari, A., M. Dahmardeh, B.A. Siahsar and M. Ramroudi. 2010. Effect of maize (Zea mays L.) - cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) intercropping on light distribution, soil temperature and soil moisture in arid environment. J. of Food, Agriculture & Environment. 8(1):102-108.
Hamd Alla, W.A., E.M. Shalaby, R.A. Dawood and A.A. Zohry. 2014. Effect of cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping on yield and its components. Int. J. of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, 8(11):1263-1269.
Iqbal, M.A., A. Iqbal, K. Ali, H. Ali, R.D. Khan, A. Ahmad, F. Nabeel and A. 2015. Integration of forage sorghum and byproducts of sugarcane and sugar beet industries for ruminant nutrition: A Review. Global Veterinaria. 14(5):752-760.
Juknevicius, S. and N. Sabiene. 2007. The content of mineral elements in some grasses and legumes. Ekologija. 53(1):44- 52.
Karadag, Y. and M. Ozturk. 2014. Effect of different row spacings on the yield and quality of silage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L).Moench) cultivars to be second crop grown. J. of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University. 31(1):19-24.
Lima-Orozco, R.A., A. Castro-Algeria and V. Fievez. 2012. Ensiled sorghum and soybean as ruminant feed in the tropics, with emphasis on Cuba. Grass and Forage Science. 68: 20-32.
Muoneke, C.O., M.A.O. Ogwuche and B.A. Kalu. 2007. Effect of maize planting density on the performance of maize/soybean intercropping system in a guinea savanna agroecosystem. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 2: 667-677.
Nazlı, R.I., I. Inal, A. Kusvuran and V. Tansı. 2014. Effects of different organic materials on forage production from sorghum x .sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum bicolor var. sudanense). Turk J. of Agricultural and Natural Sci. Special Issue: 2: 2075-2082.
Ngongoni, N.T., M. Mwale, C. Mapiye, M.T. Moyo, H. Hamudikuwanda and M. Titterton. 2007. Evaluation of cereal-legume intercropped forages for smallholder dairy production in Zimbabwe. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 19:126-134.
Ojeda, F. 2000. Harvesting and ensiling techniques. In: Silage Making in the Tropics with Particular Emphasis on Smallholders, Rome: FAO, ISBN: 978-92-5-104500-8.
Ouma, G. and P. Jeruto. 2010. Sustainable horticultural crop production through intercropping: The case of fruits and vegetable crops: A review. Agric. Biol. J. North America. 1(5):1098–1105.
Rohweder, D.A., R. F. Barnes and N. Jorgeson. 1978. Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. J. Animal Sci. 47:747-759.
Sarrantonio, M. 1994. Northeast cover crop handbook. Rodale Institute, Emmaus, PA.
Seran, T.H. and I. Brintha. 2010. Review on maize based intercropping. J. of Agronomy. 9(3):135-145.
Singh, U., A.A. Saad and S.R. Singh. 2008. Production potential, biological feasibility and economic viability of maize (Zea mays L.) based intercropping system under rainfed conditions. Indian J. of Agricultural Sciences. 78(12):1023- 1027.
Terao, T., I. Wantabe, R. Matsunaga, S. Hakoyame and B.B. Singh. 1997. Agrophysiological constraints in intercropped cowpea: an analysis. Pages 120- 140 in Advances in cowpea research, edited by B. B, Singh, D. R, Mohan Raj, K. E, Dashiel, & L. E. N, Jackai. Copublication of IITA and JIRCAS, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Uzun, F., S. Ugur and M. Sulak. 2009. Yield, nutritional and chemical properties of some sorghum x sudangrass hybrids (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench x Sorghum sudanense Stapf.). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. 8: 1602-1608.
Van Soest, P.J. 1996. Allometry and ecology of feeding behavior and digestive capacity in herbivores: A Review. Zoo Biology. 15:455-479