Aile Hekimlerinin Cilt Kanseri Farkındalıkları ve Güneşten Korunma Davranışları

Amaç: Bu çalışmada aile hekimlerinin cilt kanserleri hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerinin ve güneşten korunma ile ilgili tutum ve davranışlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Metod: Bu çalışma Samsun ilinde görev yapan ve İl Sağlık Müdürlüğünün 2019 yılı Mart ayı içerisinde düzenlediği hizmet içi eğitimlere katılan 295 aile hekimi ile yapıldı. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik özellikler ile güneşten korunma konusundaki tutum ve davranışlarına yönelik sorulardan oluşan anket formu uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya %64,7’si erkek, %35,3’ü kadın toplam 295 aile hekimi katıldı. Hekimlerin %87,8’i güneşten korunmaya çalıştığını belirtti. Kadınlar (%68,3) erkeklere (%41,4) göre daha fazla koruyucu losyon/krem kullandığını, hayatı boyunca 2 ve daha fazla şiddetli güneş yanığı geçirenler (%51,5), geçirmeyenlere göre (%36,2) istatistiksel anlamlı düzeyde kendilerini daha yüksek sıklıkta riskli bulduklarını ifade etti. Hekimlerin 47’si (%15,9) vücudunda 5 mm’den büyük, asimetrik şekilli, düzensiz yapılı ben olduğunu; 37’si (%12,5) şüpheli ben muayenesi, 11’i (%3,7) benlerinin incelenmesi için tüm vücut muayenesi amaçlı, 11’i (%3,7) güneşten korunmayla ilgili bilgi edinmek amacıyla, 20’si (%6,8) ise günlük deri bakımı ve deri yaşlanmasının engellenmesi hakkında öneri almak amacıyla dermatoloji uzmanına başvurduğunu söyledi. Sonuç: Güneşin zararlı etkileri ve cilt kanserinin erken tanısıyla ilgili aile hekimleri başta olmak üzere sağlık çalışanlarında ve toplumun diğer kesimlerinde farkındalık çalışmaları yapılmalıdır. Ayrıca cilt kanserinin tanısında görsel değerlendirmenin de yeri olduğu düşünüldüğünde aile hekimlerinin hastalarını güneşin zararlı etkileri ve kendi kendine deri muayenesi hakkında bilgilendirmesinin erken tanıda faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aile hekimleri, Güneşten korunma, Cilt kanseri

Family Physicians' Awareness of Skin Cancer and Sun Protection Practices

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge level of family physicians about skin cancer and their attitudes and behaviors about sun protection. Methods: The sample of this study was composed of 295 family physicians who worked in Samsun province and participated in in-service trainings organized by the Provincial Health Directorate in March 2019. A questionnaire form consisting of questions on sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes and behaviors about sun protection was applied to the participants. Result: A total of 295 family physicians, 64.7% male and 35.3% female, participated in the study. Most of the physicians (87.8%) expressed that they tried to protect from sunlight. Women (68.3%) used sunscreen lotions/creams more frequently than men (41.4%). Those who had 2 and more severe sunburns throughout their lifetime (51.5%) stated that they described themselves at higher risk than those who did not (36.2%) which was statistically significant (p<0.05). The reasons of the physicians for application to a dermatologist were: 47(15.9%) had asymmetrically shaped, irregularly structured moles larger than 5 mm, 37(12.5%) had suspected presence of moles, 11(3.7%) wanted whole body examination for moles, 20(6.8%) requested advice on daily skin care and prevention of skin aging. Conclusion: Awareness studies should be carried out on the harmful effects of the sun and early diagnosis of skin cancer especially for family physicians, healthcare professionals and other parts of the society. In addition, considering that visual evaluation has a role in the diagnosis of skin cancer, it will be useful for family physicians to inform their patients about the detrimental effects of the sun and self-skin examination.

Keywords:

Family physicians, Skin cancer, Sun protection,

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